---
title: friendliness — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «friendliness» in the school dictionary: Being kind, warm and nice to others, like a friend. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# friendliness

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Everyone, friendliness, new boy, minister, he · **What happens:** be, love, know, help, settle in, surprise · **To what, where:** friendliness, village, new boy, visitors, you, nothing

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«friendliness» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [friendliness in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/friendliness.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being kind, warm and nice to others, like a friend.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:friendliness:m1:1
# text = Being kind, warm and nice to others, like a friend.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	cop	_	_
2	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	nice	nice	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | like a friend; kind *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  | to others | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Everyone loved the friendliness of the new teacher.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:friendliness:x1:1
# text = Everyone loved the friendliness of the new teacher.
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	2	nsubj	_	_
2	loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	friendliness	friendliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **love** | past | Everyone | the friendliness of the new teacher |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer friendliness=Stimulus |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The village is known for its friendliness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:friendliness:x2:1
# text = The village is known for its friendliness.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	friendliness	friendliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present · passive |  | the village |  |  |  | for village's friendliness | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His friendliness helped the new boy settle in.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:friendliness:x3:1
# text = His friendliness helped the new boy settle in.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	friendliness	friendliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	settle	settle	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | His friendliness |  | the new boy |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boy=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **settle in** | present | the new boy *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog's friendliness surprised the visitors.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:friendliness:x4:1
# text = The dog's friendliness surprised the visitors.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	friendliness	friendliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	surprised	surprise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	visitors	visitor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **surprise** | past | the dog's friendliness | the visitors |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus visitor=Experiencer |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thank you for your friendliness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:friendliness:x5:1
# text = Thank you for your friendliness.
1	Thank	thank	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	friendliness	friendliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thank** *speech: thank* | present |  |  | you |  |  | for your friendliness | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent you=Theme for friendliness=Attribute |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Friendliness costs nothing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:friendliness:x6:1
# text = Friendliness costs nothing.
1	Friendliness	friendliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | Friendliness | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme nothing=Value |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The minister stopped and greeted the lady politely, and she replied with friendliness, asking him why he had come to such an out-of-the way place.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:friendliness:x7:1
# text = The minister stopped and greeted the lady politely, and she replied with friendliness, asking him why he had come to such an out-of-the way place.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	minister	minister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	greeted	greet	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	lady	lady	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	politely	politely	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	replied	reply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	friendliness	friendliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	asking	ask	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	21	advmod	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	advcl	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
23	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	31	det:predet	_	_
24	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
25	out	out	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	_
31	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | past | the minister |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **greet** *speech: greet* | past | the minister *not said here* |  | the lady |  |  | politely *property* | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lady=Theme |
| 3 | **reply** *speech: assert* | past | minister |  |  |  |  | with friendliness | vn respond-113 «NP V PP.predicate»: agent=Agent with friendliness=Eventuality |
| 4 | **ask** *speech: ask* | gerund | minister *not said here* |  | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 5 | **come** | past · perfect | he |  |  | such way place |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to place=Initial\_Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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