---
title: fringe — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «fringe» in the school dictionary: A fringe is hair cut short and straight across the forehead; Americans call it bangs. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/fringe/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [F](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/) / fringe

# fringe

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** fringe, Americans, Mum, scarf, They, rug · **What happens:** be, cut, call, bang, get, trim · **To what, where:** hair, border, outer edge, eyes, fringe, end · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«fringe» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [fringe in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/fringe.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A fringe is hair cut short and straight across the forehead; Americans call it bangs.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fringe:m1:1
# text = A fringe is hair cut short and straight across the forehead; Americans call it bangs.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fringe	fringe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	across	across	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	forehead	forehead	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	Americans	American	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
14	call	call	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	bangs	bang	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a fringe | hair |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cut** | participle |  | hair *not said here* |  |  |  | short *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **call** *speech: assert* | present | Americans |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **bang** | present | fringe |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A fringe is a border of loose threads on the edge of cloth, like on a scarf or rug.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fringe:m2:1
# text = A fringe is a border of loose threads on the edge of cloth, like on a scarf or rug.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fringe	fringe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	border	border	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	loose	loose	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	threads	thread	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	scarf	scarf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	rug	rug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a fringe | a border and a scarf or rug |  |  |  | of loose threads on the edge of cloth | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fringe or fringes of a place or group is its outer edge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fringe:m3:1
# text = The fringe or fringes of a place or group is its outer edge.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fringe	fringe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	fringes	fringe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	outer	outer	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the fringe or fringes of a place or group | group's outer edge |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My fringe is getting into my eyes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fringe:x1:1
# text = My fringe is getting into my eyes.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	fringe	fringe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	getting	get	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present · progressive | My fringe |  |  | my eyes |  |  | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into eye=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum trimmed my fringe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fringe:x2:1
# text = Mum trimmed my fringe.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	trimmed	trim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	fringe	fringe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trim** | past | Mum | my fringe |  |  |  |  | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fringe=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The scarf has a fringe on each end.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fringe:x3:1
# text = The scarf has a fringe on each end.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	scarf	scarf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fringe	fringe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the scarf | a fringe |  |  | on each end |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fringe=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They camped on the fringe of the forest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fringe:x4:1
# text = They camped on the fringe of the forest.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	camped	camp	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fringe	fringe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **camp** | past | They |  |  | the fringe of the forest |  |  | vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rug had a long white fringe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fringe:x5:1
# text = The rug had a long white fringe.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rug	rug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	fringe	fringe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the rug | a long white fringe |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fringe=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She grew out her fringe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fringe:x6:1
# text = She grew out her fringe.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	fringe	fringe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow out** | past | She | her fringe |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location fringe=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Houses spread out on the fringes of the town.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fringe:x7:1
# text = Houses spread out on the fringes of the town.
1	Houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spread	spread	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fringes	fringe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread out** | present | Houses |  |  | the fringes of the town |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on fringe=Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not a tinkling of a metal fringe broke the silence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:fringe:x8:1
# text = Not a tinkling of a metal fringe broke the silence.
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	tinkling	tinkling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	fringe	fringe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	silence	silence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | past | a tinkling of a metal fringe | the silence |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer silence=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [frilly](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/frilly/)
- next →: [frisbee](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/frisbee/)
- ↑ back to [F in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/)