---
title: frog — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «frog» in the school dictionary: A frog is a small green or brown animal with long back legs that jumps and lives near water. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# frog

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** frog, that, grasshopper, 8 frogs, tadpole, Frogs · **What happens:** be, jump, live, mean, grow, lay · **To what, where:** small green animal, water, croaky voice, 19 inches, 10 inches, pond

<!-- .vabout -->
«frog» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [frog in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/frog.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A frog is a small green or brown animal with long back legs that jumps and lives near water.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frog:m1:1
# text = A frog is a small green or brown animal with long back legs that jumps and lives near water.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
6	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
9	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	jumps	jump	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
18	near	near	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a frog | a small green animal |  |  |  | with long back legs | tree rules |
| 2 | **jump** | present | that |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **live** | present | that *not said here* |  |  | water |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near water=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«A frog in your throat» means a croaky voice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frog:m2:1
# text = «A frog in your throat» means a croaky voice.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	throat	throat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	croaky	croaky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | a frog in your throat | a croaky voice |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The grasshopper jumped 19 inches.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frog:x1:1
# text = The grasshopper jumped 19 inches.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	grasshopper	grasshopper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	19	19	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	inches	inch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | past | the grasshopper | 19 inches |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme inch=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The frog jumped 10 inches farther than the grasshopper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frog:x2:1
# text = The frog jumped 10 inches farther than the grasshopper.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	inches	inch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	farther	far	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	_
7	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	grasshopper	grasshopper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | past | the frog | 10 inches |  |  |  | far *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme inch=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How far did the frog jump?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frog:x3:1
# text = How far did the frog jump?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
3	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	jump	jump	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | past · do-support | the frog |  |  |  |  | far *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There are 8 frogs in the pond.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frog:x4:1
# text = There are 8 frogs in the pond.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | 8 frogs |  |  | the pond; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pond=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tadpole grows into a frog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frog:x5:1
# text = A tadpole grows into a frog.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tadpole	tadpole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | a tadpole |  |  |  |  | into a frog *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into frog=Result |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Frogs lay their eggs in water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frog:x6:1
# text = Frogs lay their eggs in water.
1	Frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | Frogs | Frogs's eggs |  | water |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme in water=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The frog caught a fly with its long tongue.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frog:x7:1
# text = The frog caught a fly with its long tongue.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fly	fly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** | past | the frog | a fly |  |  |  | with frog's long tongue | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fly=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We played leapfrog in the playground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frog:x8:1
# text = We played leapfrog in the playground.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	played	play	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	leapfrog	leapfrog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	playground	playground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | past | We | leapfrog |  | the playground |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leapfrog=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Frog puffed up still more.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frog:x9:1
# text = The Frog puffed up still more.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Frog	Frog	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	puffed	puff	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	still	still	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **puff up** | past | the Frog | more |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location more=Source |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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