---
title: frying — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «frying» in the school dictionary: Frying is cooking food in hot oil or fat. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# frying

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Frying, frying pan, Dad, smell, you, We · **What happens:** cook, be, use, fry, fill, put · **To what, where:** food, flat shallow pan, long handle, sausages, bacon, house · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«frying» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [frying in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/frying.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Frying is cooking food in hot oil or fat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frying:m1:1
# text = Frying is cooking food in hot oil or fat.
1	Frying	frying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	cooking	cook	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cook** | present · progressive | Frying | food |  |  |  | in hot oil or fat | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent food=Patient in oil=Instrument |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A frying pan is a flat, shallow pan with a long handle used for frying.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frying:m2:1
# text = A frying pan is a flat, shallow pan with a long handle used for frying.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	frying	frying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	pan	pan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
6	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	shallow	shallow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	pan	pan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	handle	handle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
14	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	frying	frying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a frying pan | a flat shallow pan |  |  |  | with a long handle | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | a long handle *not said here* |  |  |  | for frying | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad is frying sausages for breakfast.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frying:x1:1
# text = Dad is frying sausages for breakfast.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	frying	fry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	sausages	sausage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	breakfast	breakfast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fry** | present · progressive | Dad | sausages |  |  |  | for breakfast | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent sausage=Patient for breakfast=Beneficiary |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The smell of frying bacon filled the house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frying:x2:1
# text = The smell of frying bacon filled the house.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	frying	fry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	bacon	bacon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	filled	fill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fry** | gerund | the smell *not said here* | bacon |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent bacon=Patient |
| 2 | **fill** | past | the smell | the house |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent house=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put the frying pan on the stove.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frying:x3:1
# text = Put the frying pan on the stove.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	frying	frying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	pan	pan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	stove	stove	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | the frying pan |  | the stove |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent pan=Theme on stove=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turn the pan handle inward when frying.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frying:x4:1
# text = Turn the pan handle inward when frying.
1	Turn	turn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	pan	pan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	handle	handle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	inward	inward	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	1	advmod	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
7	frying	fry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | imperative | you *not said here* | the pan handle |  |  |  | inward *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent handle=Theme |
| 2 | **fry** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Frying uses more oil than baking.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frying:x5:1
# text = Frying uses more oil than baking.
1	Frying	fry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	nsubj	_	_
2	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	amod	_	_
4	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fry** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **use** | present |  | more oil |  |  |  | than baking | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oil=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We went out of the frying pan into the fire when the second storm came.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frying:x6:1
# text = We went out of the frying pan into the fire when the second storm came.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	frying	frying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	pan	pan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
11	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	15	mark	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	14	amod	_	_
14	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go out** | past | We | the frying pan |  | the fire |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** | past | the second storm |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hot oil spat out of the frying pan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frying:x7:1
# text = Hot oil spat out of the frying pan.
1	Hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	spat	spat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	frying	frying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	pan	pan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
‘No; they are frying pancakes in Europe just now,’ said Little Lasse; and he wanted to jump ashore, but he could not.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:frying:x8:1
# text = ‘No; they are frying pancakes in Europe just now,’ said Little Lasse; and he wanted to jump ashore, but he could not.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	frying	fry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	ccomp	_	_
7	pancakes	pancake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	just	just	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	Little	Little	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	Lasse	Lasse	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	wanted	want	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	parataxis	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	jump	jump	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
23	ashore	ashore	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
28	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	27	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fry** | present · progressive | they | pancakes |  |  | now | in Europe | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent pancake=Patient in europe=Instrument |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Little Lasse |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **want** | past | Lasse |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 4 | **jump** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Lasse *not said here* |  |  |  |  | ashore *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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