---
title: funfair — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «funfair» in the school dictionary: An outdoor show with rides, games, stalls and sweets that people pay to enjoy, often travelling from town to town. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# funfair

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** people, Americans, funfair, I, We, ride · **What happens:** pay, enjoy, travel, call, come, win · **To what, where:** sweets, town, carnival, park, goldfish, funfair · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«funfair» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [funfair in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/funfair.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An outdoor show with rides, games, stalls and sweets that people pay to enjoy, often travelling from town to town.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funfair:m1:1
# text = An outdoor show with rides, games, stalls and sweets that people pay to enjoy, often travelling from town to town.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	outdoor	outdoor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	show	show	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	rides	ride	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	games	game	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	stalls	stall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	sweets	sweet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obj	_	_
13	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
14	pay	pay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	enjoy	enjoy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	often	often	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	travelling	travel	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	advcl	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | present | people | sweets |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **enjoy** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **travel** | gerund | people *not said here* |  |  | town |  | to town; often *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to town=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK, Australia — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The usual word for what Americans call a carnival or a fair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funfair:m2:1
# text = The usual word for what Americans call a carnival or a fair.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nmod	_	_
6	Americans	American	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	call	call	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	carnival	carnival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present | Americans | a carnival |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent carnival=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The funfair comes to our park every summer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funfair:x1:1
# text = The funfair comes to our park every summer.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	funfair	funfair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | the funfair |  |  | our park | summer |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to park=Initial\_Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I won a goldfish at the funfair!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funfair:x2:1
# text = I won a goldfish at the funfair!
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	goldfish	goldfish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	funfair	funfair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | I | a goldfish |  | the funfair |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent goldfish=Theme at funfair=Asset |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We rode the dodgems and the big wheel at the funfair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funfair:x3:1
# text = We rode the dodgems and the big wheel at the funfair.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rode	ride	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	dodgems	dodgem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	wheel	wheel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	funfair	funfair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ride** | past | We | the dodgems and the big wheel |  | the funfair |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dodgem=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each ride at the funfair costs £2, so four rides cost £8.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funfair:x4:1
# text = Each ride at the funfair costs £2, so four rides cost £8.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	ride	ride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	funfair	funfair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	£	£	SYM	$	_	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	rides	ride	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	cost	cost	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
14	£	£	SYM	$	_	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | each ride at the funfair |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme £=Value |
| 2 | **cost** | present | four rides |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme £=Value |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stay together at the funfair so nobody gets lost.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funfair:x5:1
# text = Stay together at the funfair so nobody gets lost.
1	Stay	stay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	together	together	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	funfair	funfair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	9	nsubj	_	_
8	gets	get	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay together** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the funfair |  | together *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at funfair=Location |
| 2 | **lose** | present · passive |  | nobody |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The funfair lights glowed across the dark field.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funfair:x6:1
# text = The funfair lights glowed across the dark field.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	funfair	funfair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	glowed	glow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	across	across	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **glow** | past | the funfair lights |  |  | the dark field |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In America they usually call it a carnival or a county fair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funfair:x7:1
# text = In America they usually call it a carnival or a county fair.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	call	call	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	carnival	carnival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	xcomp	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	county	county	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	fair	fair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present | they | it |  | America |  | usually *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum bought candyfloss at the funfair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funfair:x8:1
# text = Mum bought candyfloss at the funfair.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	candyfloss	candyfloss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	funfair	funfair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | Mum | candyfloss |  | the funfair |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent candyfloss=Theme at funfair=Asset |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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