---
title: funnel — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «funnel» in the school dictionary: A funnel is a tube that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, used to pour liquids or powders into a small opening. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# funnel

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** funnel, that, funnel cloud, you, We, ship · **What happens:** be, use, pour, shape, cloud, funnel · **To what, where:** tube, top, bottom, liquids, small opening, chimney · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«funnel» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [funnel in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/funnel.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A funnel is a tube that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, used to pour liquids or powders into a small opening.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funnel:m1:1
# text = A funnel is a tube that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, used to pour liquids or powders into a small opening.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	funnel	funnel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	tube	tube	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
8	wide	wide	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	narrow	narrow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	conj	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	pour	pour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	advcl	_	_
21	liquids	liquid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	powders	powder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
24	into	into	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	opening	opening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a funnel | a tube |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | that |  |  | the top |  | wide *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | that *not said here* |  |  | the bottom |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **use** | participle |  | a tube *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **pour** | to-infinitive |  | liquids or powders |  | a small opening |  |  | vn pour-9.5 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent liquid=Theme into opening=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A funnel is also a chimney on a ship or steam train.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funnel:m2:1
# text = A funnel is also a chimney on a ship or steam train.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	funnel	funnel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	chimney	chimney	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a funnel | a chimney |  | a ship or steam train |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A funnel cloud is the spinning, cone-shaped cloud of a tornado.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funnel:m3:1
# text = A funnel cloud is the spinning, cone-shaped cloud of a tornado.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	funnel	funnel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	spinning	spinning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	cone	cone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	tornado	tornado	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a funnel cloud | the spinning |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **shape** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **cloud** |  |  | a tornado |  |  |  |  | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To funnel means to move things or people through a narrow space.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funnel:m4:1
# text = To funnel means to move things or people through a narrow space.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	funnel	funnel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	through	through	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	narrow	narrow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **funnel** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **move** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | things or people |  | a narrow space |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent thing=Theme through space=Trajectory |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Use a funnel to pour the water into the bottle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funnel:x1:1
# text = Use a funnel to pour the water into the bottle.
1	Use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	funnel	funnel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pour	pour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bottle	bottle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | a funnel |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent funnel=Patient |
| 2 | **pour** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the water |  | the bottle |  |  | vn pour-9.5 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent water=Theme into bottle=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We put filter paper in the funnel to separate sand from water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funnel:x2:1
# text = We put filter paper in the funnel to separate sand from water.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	filter	filter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	funnel	funnel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	separate	separate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
10	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **filter** |  | We | paper |  | the funnel |  |  | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent paper=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **separate** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | sand |  |  |  | from water | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent sand=Patient from water=Co-Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ship had three red funnels.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funnel:x3:1
# text = The ship had three red funnels.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
5	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	funnels	funnel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the ship | three red funnels |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent funnel=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A funnel cloud came down from the storm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funnel:x4:1
# text = A funnel cloud came down from the storm.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	funnel	funnel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	down	down	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come down** | past | a funnel cloud |  |  | the storm |  | down *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from storm=Initial\_Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The crowd was funnelled through one gate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funnel:x5:1
# text = The crowd was funnelled through one gate.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	funnelled	funnell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **funnell** | past · passive |  | the crowd |  | one gate |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum used a funnel to fill the salt shaker.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funnel:x6:1
# text = Mum used a funnel to fill the salt shaker.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	funnel	funnel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	shaker	shaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | Mum | a funnel |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent funnel=Patient |
| 2 | **fill** | to-infinitive | Mum *not said here* | the salt shaker |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent shaker=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The steam train puffed smoke from its funnel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funnel:x7:1
# text = The steam train puffed smoke from its funnel.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	puffed	puff	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	funnel	funnel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **puff** | participle | the steam train *not said here* | smoke |  | smoke's funnel |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location smoke=Source |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And hop! hop! without hesitating, the rats took the leap, swam straight to the funnel, plunged in head foremost and disappeared.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:funnel:x8:1
# text = And hop! hop! without hesitating, the rats took the leap, swam straight to the funnel, plunged in head foremost and disappeared.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	hop	hop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
4	hop	hop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
6	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	hesitating	hesitate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	rats	rat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	leap	leap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	swam	swim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
16	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	funnel	funnel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	plunged	plunge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	acl	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
24	foremost	foremost	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	disappeared	disappeared	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hop** | imperative | you *not said here* | hop |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme hop=Trajectory |
| 2 | **hesitate** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **take** | past | the rats | the leap |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leap=Theme |
| 4 | **swim** | past | the rats *not said here* | the funnel |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme funnel=Trajectory |
| 5 | **plunge** | participle |  | the funnel *not said here* |  |  |  | in head | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in head=Attribute |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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