---
title: furloughed — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «furloughed» in the school dictionary: sent home from work for a time without pay or with reduced pay, because the employer has no work or money; it may lead to losing the job. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# furloughed

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** employer, you, government, café, soldier, furloughed workers · **What happens:** send, reduce, have, lead, lose, give · **To what, where:** work, job, Dad, Thousands, part, waiters · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«furloughed» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [furloughed in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/furloughed.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: euphemism, work — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
sent home from work for a time without pay or with reduced pay, because the employer has no work or money; it may lead to losing the job.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:furloughed:m1:1
# text = sent home from work for a time without pay or with reduced pay, because the employer has no work or money; it may lead to losing the job.
1	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	home	home	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	without	without	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	pay	pay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	reduced	reduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
13	pay	pay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	employer	employer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
19	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	20	det	_	_
20	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	lead	lead	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
27	to	to	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
28	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	26	advcl	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past |  |  |  | work | time | without pay or reduced pay; home *property* | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent from work=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **reduce** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer |
| 3 | **have** | present | the employer | no work or money |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Patient |
| 4 | **lead** | may | employer |  |  |  |  |  | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 5 | **lose** | gerund | employer *not said here* | the job |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: military, old — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
given a leave of absence: «a soldier on furlough».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:furloughed:m2:1
# text = given a leave of absence: «a soldier on furlough».
1	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	leave	leave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	absence	absence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	soldier	soldier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	furlough	furlough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad was furloughed when the factory shut for three months.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:furloughed:x1:1
# text = Dad was furloughed when the factory shut for three months.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	furloughed	furlough	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	factory	factory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	shut	shut	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **furlough** | past · passive |  | Dad |  |  |  | shut *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thousands of workers were furloughed during the crisis.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:furloughed:x2:1
# text = Thousands of workers were furloughed during the crisis.
1	Thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	furloughed	furlough	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	during	during	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	crisis	crisis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **furlough** | past · passive |  | Thousands of workers |  |  | during the crisis |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being furloughed means you don't work for a while but you might go back.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:furloughed:x3:1
# text = Being furloughed means you don't work for a while but you might go back.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	aux:pass	_	_
2	furloughed	furlough	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
5	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	while	while	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
15	back	back	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **furlough** | gerund · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **work** | present · do-support | you |  |  |  | while |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **go back** | might | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The government paid part of the wages of furloughed staff.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:furloughed:x4:1
# text = The government paid part of the wages of furloughed staff.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	paid	pay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wages	wage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	furloughed	furlough	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	staff	staff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | past | the government | part of the wages of furloughed staff |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Asset |
| 2 | **furlough** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum's café furloughed all its waiters.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:furloughed:x5:1
# text = Mum's café furloughed all its waiters.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	café	café	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	furloughed	furlough	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	7	det:predet	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	waiters	waiter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **furlough** | past | Mum's café | café's waiters |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The soldier came home on furlough.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:furloughed:x6:1
# text = The soldier came home on furlough.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	soldier	soldier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	home	home	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	furlough	furlough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the soldier |  |  | furlough |  | home *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on furlough=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some furloughed workers never got their jobs back.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:furloughed:x7:1
# text = Some furloughed workers never got their jobs back.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
2	furloughed	furlough	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	jobs	job	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	back	back	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **furlough** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **get back** | past | some furloughed workers | workers's jobs |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer job=Stimulus |
| 3 | **job** |  | workers *= worker* |  |  |  |  |  | nom job «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If a worker earns 400 pounds a week and is furloughed on 80 percent pay, he gets 320 pounds.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:furloughed:x8:1
# text = If a worker earns 400 pounds a week and is furloughed on 80 percent pay, he gets 320 pounds.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	worker	worker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	earns	earn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	_
5	400	400	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	pounds	pound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	furloughed	furlough	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	80	80	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	percent	percent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	pay	pay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
19	320	320	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	nummod	_	_
20	pounds	pound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **earn** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a worker | 400 pounds |  |  | week |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pound=Theme |
| 2 | **furlough** | present · passive | a worker *not said here* |  |  | percent pay |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **get** | present | worker | 320 pounds |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pound=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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