---
title: gag — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «gag» in the school dictionary: A joke or a funny trick, especially by a comedian: a running gag. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# gag

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, throat, smell, me, Gagging, they · **What happens:** run, feel, go, be, tighten, make · **To what, where:** me, piece, them, someone, newspaper, slang · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«gag» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [gag in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/gag.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A joke or a funny trick, especially by a comedian: a running gag.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gag:m1:1
# text = A joke or a funny trick, especially by a comedian: a running gag.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	joke	joke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	funny	funny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	trick	trick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	comedian	comedian	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	amod	_	_
15	gag	gag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To feel as if you are going to be sick, with your throat tightening: the smell made me gag.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gag:m2:1
# text = To feel as if you are going to be sick, with your throat tightening: the smell made me gag.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	feel	feel	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	cop	_	_
10	sick	sick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	throat	throat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
15	tightening	tighten	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
20	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	gag	gag	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with your throat | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **go** | present · progressive | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | sick *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **tighten** | gerund | your throat *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **make** | past | the smell | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **gag** | infinitive | me *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A piece of cloth put over or in someone's mouth to stop them talking or shouting.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gag:m3:1
# text = A piece of cloth put over or in someone's mouth to stop them talking or shouting.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	over	over	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	talking	talk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	xcomp	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	shouting	shout	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put over** | participle · passive |  | a piece of cloth |  |  |  | over *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Goal |
| 2 | **stop** | to-infinitive |  | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **talk** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **shout** *speech: express* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To stop someone from speaking freely, for example a newspaper: a gagging order.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gag:m4:1
# text = To stop someone from speaking freely, for example a newspaper: a gagging order.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	speaking	speak	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	freely	freely	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	gagging	gag	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	amod	_	_
15	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  | a gagging order *obl* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality someone=Eventuality |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | gerund |  | a newspaper |  |  |  | for example; freely *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **gag** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Gagging for something» (UK slang) means wanting it very much.

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gag:m5:1
# text = «Gagging for something» (UK slang) means wanting it very much.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Gagging	gag	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	csubj	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	slang	slang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	_
10	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	wanting	want	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	ccomp	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	very	very	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	much	much	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gag** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | for something | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present | Gagging |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **want** | gerund |  | slang |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I'm gagging for a drink.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gag:m5e:1
# text = I'm gagging for a drink.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	gagging	gag	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gag** | present · progressive | I |  |  |  |  | for a drink | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To gag someone means to put a cloth over their mouth so they cannot speak or shout.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gag:m6:1
# text = To gag someone means to put a cloth over their mouth so they cannot speak or shout.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	gag	gag	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	over	over	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
14	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	shout	shout	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gag** | to-infinitive |  |  | someone |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent someone=Destination |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **put** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | a cloth |  | their mouth |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cloth=Theme over mouth=Destination |
| 4 | **not** **speak** *speech: other* | can | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **shout** *speech: express* | infinitive | they *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The comedian's best gag was about a talking dog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gag:x1:1
# text = The comedian's best gag was about a talking dog.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	comedian	comedian	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	gag	gag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
7	about	about	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	talking	talking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the comedian's best gag |  |  |  |  | about a talking dog | tree rules |
| 2 | **gag** |  | the comedian |  |  |  |  |  | nom gag «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The smell from the bin made me gag.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gag:x2:1
# text = The smell from the bin made me gag.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bin	bin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	gag	gag	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the smell from the bin | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **gag** | infinitive | me *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The running gag in the cartoon is that the dog never gets the ball.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gag:x3:1
# text = The running gag in the cartoon is that the dog never gets the ball.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	amod	_	_
3	gag	gag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present | the running gag in the cartoon |  |  |  |  | get *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The robbers had tied a gag around the guard's mouth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gag:x4:1
# text = The robbers had tied a gag around the guard's mouth.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	robbers	robber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	tied	tie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	gag	gag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	around	around	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	guard	guard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tie** | past · perfect · passive |  | the robbers |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP ADJP»: subject=Patient gag=Result |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some people gag when the dentist checks their back teeth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gag:x5:1
# text = Some people gag when the dentist checks their back teeth.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gag	gag	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	7	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	dentist	dentist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	checks	check	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gag** | present | some people |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **check** | present | the dentist | people's back teeth |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The judge gave a gagging order so the newspapers could not print the names.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gag:x6:1
# text = The judge gave a gagging order so the newspapers could not print the names.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	judge	judge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	gagging	gag	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	newspapers	newspaper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
10	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	print	print	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the judge | a gagging order |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent order=Theme |
| 2 | **gag** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **print** | could | the newspapers | the names |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After footy training I was gagging for a cold drink.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gag:x7:1
# text = After footy training I was gagging for a cold drink.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	footy	footy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	training	training	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	gagging	gag	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gag** | past · progressive | I |  |  |  | after footy training | for a cold drink | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad's old gags make us groan every Christmas.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gag:x8:1
# text = Dad's old gags make us groan every Christmas.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	gags	gag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	groan	groan	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	Christmas	Christmas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Dad's old gags | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **groan** | infinitive | us *not said here* | every Christmas |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent christmas=Theme |
| 3 | **gag** |  | Dad |  |  |  |  |  | nom gag «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With ironical politeness Hook raised his hat to her, and, offering her his arm, escorted her to the spot where the others were being gagged.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gag:x9:1
# text = With ironical politeness Hook raised his hat to her, and, offering her his arm, escorted her to the spot where the others were being gagged.
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	ironical	ironical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	politeness	politeness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	Hook	Hook	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	raised	raise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	offering	offer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
14	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	escorted	escort	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
19	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	spot	spot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
23	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	28	advmod	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nsubj:pass	_	_
26	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux:pass	_	_
27	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	28	aux:pass	_	_
28	gagged	gag	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **raise** | past | Hook | Hook's hat | her *= she* |  |  | with ironical politeness | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hat=Theme to she=Destination |
| 2 | **offer** | gerund | Hook *not said here* | Hook's arm | her *= she* |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent she=Goal arm=Theme |
| 3 | **escort** | past | Hook *not said here* | her *= she* |  | the spot |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent she=Theme to spot=Destination |
| 4 | **gag** | past · passive |  | the others |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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