---
title: gardener — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «gardener» in the school dictionary: A gardener is a person who looks after a garden and its plants, as a job or for fun. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# gardener

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** gardener, person, 3 gardeners, Grandpa, old gardener, you · **What happens:** be, look, mow, pick, earn, pull up · **To what, where:** person, lawn, 40 apples, weeds, keen gardener, own tomatoes · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«gardener» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [gardener in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/gardener.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A gardener is a person who looks after a garden and its plants, as a job or for fun.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gardener:m1:1
# text = A gardener is a person who looks after a garden and its plants, as a job or for fun.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gardener	gardener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	fun	fun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a gardener | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **look** | present | a person |  |  |  | after a garden and gardener's plants |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The gardener plants 6 rows of 9 roses.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gardener:x1:1
# text = The gardener plants 6 rows of 9 roses.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	gardener	gardener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	rows	row	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	roses	rose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
3 gardeners mow the lawn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gardener:x2:1
# text = 3 gardeners mow the lawn.
1	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	gardeners	gardener	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	mow	mow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lawn	lawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mow** | present | 3 gardeners | the lawn |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lawn=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The gardener picks 40 apples.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gardener:x3:1
# text = The gardener picks 40 apples.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gardener	gardener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	picks	pick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pick** | present | the gardener | 40 apples |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apple=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each gardener earns $50 a day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gardener:x4:1
# text = Each gardener earns $50 a day.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	gardener	gardener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	earns	earn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	$	$	SYM	$	_	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	50	50	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **earn** | present | each gardener |  |  |  | day |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent $=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The gardener pulled up the weeds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gardener:x5:1
# text = The gardener pulled up the weeds.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gardener	gardener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pulled	pull	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	weeds	weed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull up** | past | the gardener | the weeds |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weed=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa is a keen gardener and grows his own tomatoes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gardener:x6:1
# text = Grandpa is a keen gardener and grows his own tomatoes.
1	Grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	keen	keen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	gardener	gardener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	tomatoes	tomato	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Grandpa | a keen gardener |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | present | Grandpa *not said here* | gardener's own tomatoes |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location tomato=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The gardener waters the plants every evening.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gardener:x7:1
# text = The gardener waters the plants every evening.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gardener	gardener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	waters	water	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **water** | present | the gardener | the plants |  |  | evening |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent plant=Destination |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the story, an old gardener kept the key to the secret garden.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gardener:x8:1
# text = In the story, an old gardener kept the key to the secret garden.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	gardener	gardener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	key	key	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	secret	secret	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | a old gardener | the key |  | the story |  | to the secret garden | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent key=Theme in story=Location |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"What do you mean?" asked the gardener.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gardener:x9:1
# text = "What do you mean?" asked the gardener.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	obj	_	_
3	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	gardener	gardener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** *in a quote* | present · do-support | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the gardener |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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