---
title: gazelle — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «gazelle» in the school dictionary: A gazelle is a small, slim, fast antelope with curved horns that lives in Africa and Asia. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# gazelle

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** gazelle, curved horns, People, cheetah, Gazelles, lion · **What happens:** be, curve, live, call, graze, chase · **To what, where:** small slim fast antelope, Africa, graceful fast runner, gazelles, gazelle, plain · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«gazelle» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [gazelle in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/gazelle.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A gazelle is a small, slim, fast antelope with curved horns that lives in Africa and Asia.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gazelle:m1:1
# text = A gazelle is a small, slim, fast antelope with curved horns that lives in Africa and Asia.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gazelle	gazelle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	slim	slim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	antelope	antelope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	curved	curve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
13	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a gazelle | a small slim fast antelope |  |  |  | with curved horns | tree rules |
| 2 | **curve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material |
| 3 | **live** | present | curved horns |  |  | Africa and Asia |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in africa=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People sometimes call a graceful, fast runner a gazelle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gazelle:m2:1
# text = People sometimes call a graceful, fast runner a gazelle.
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	3	advmod	_	_
3	call	call	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	graceful	graceful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	runner	runner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	gazelle	gazelle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present | People | a graceful fast runner |  |  |  | sometimes *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent runner=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A herd of gazelles grazed on the savanna.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gazelle:x1:1
# text = A herd of gazelles grazed on the savanna.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	gazelles	gazelle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	grazed	graze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	savanna	savanna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **graze** | participle |  | gazelles *not said here* |  |  |  | on the savanna | vn dine-39.5 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent on savanna=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cheetah chased the gazelle across the plain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gazelle:x2:1
# text = The cheetah chased the gazelle across the plain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cheetah	cheetah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	chased	chase	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	gazelle	gazelle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	across	across	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	plain	plain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chase** | past | the cheetah | the gazelle |  | the plain |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent gazelle=Theme across plain=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gazelles can run very fast and turn quickly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gazelle:x3:1
# text = Gazelles can run very fast and turn quickly.
1	Gazelles	gazelle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	turn	turn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | can | Gazelles |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **turn** | present | Gazelles *not said here* |  |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the food chain, grass is eaten by the gazelle, and the gazelle is eaten by the lion.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gazelle:x4:1
# text = In the food chain, grass is eaten by the gazelle, and the gazelle is eaten by the lion.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	chain	chain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	gazelle	gazelle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	gazelle	gazelle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	conj	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present · passive | the gazelle | grass |  | the food chain |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 2 | **eat** | present · passive | the lion | the gazelle |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She ran like a gazelle on sports day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gazelle:x5:1
# text = She ran like a gazelle on sports day.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	like	like	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	gazelle	gazelle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	sports	sport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	compound	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | She |  |  |  | day | like a gazelle | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The gazelle leapt high into the air to warn the herd.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gazelle:x6:1
# text = The gazelle leapt high into the air to warn the herd.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gazelle	gazelle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	leapt	leapt	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	high	high	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	warn	warn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leapt** | present | the gazelle |  |  | the air |  | high *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **warn** *speech: warn* | to-infinitive | the gazelle *not said here* | the herd |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent herd=Recipient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The gazelle kept silence for a few moments.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gazelle:x7:1
# text = The gazelle kept silence for a few moments.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gazelle	gazelle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	silence	silence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	moments	moment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | the gazelle | silence |  |  | moment |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent silence=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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