---
title: geography — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «geography» in the school dictionary: The school subject about the Earth: places, countries, land, weather, rivers, people and how they live. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# geography

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** people, We, Geography, She, I, geography topic · **What happens:** live, lay out, draw, be, learn, have · **To what, where:** place, map, geography, favourite subject, good knowledge, volcanoes

<!-- .vabout -->
«geography» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [geography in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/geography.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school subject about the Earth: places, countries, land, weather, rivers, people and how they live.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:geography:m1:1
# text = The school subject about the Earth: places, countries, land, weather, rivers, people and how they live.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
8	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	22	advmod	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The way a place is laid out: «the geography of the school».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:geography:m2:1
# text = The way a place is laid out: «the geography of the school».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	geography	geography	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay out** | present · passive |  | a place |  |  |  | the way *obl:unmarked*; the geography of the school *obl* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We drew a map in geography today.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:geography:x1:1
# text = We drew a map in geography today.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	geography	geography	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | past | We | a map |  | geography | today |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent map=Theme in geography=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Geography is my favourite subject.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:geography:x2:1
# text = Geography is my favourite subject.
1	Geography	geography	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	favourite	favourite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Geography | my favourite subject |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In geography we learned about rivers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:geography:x3:1
# text = In geography we learned about rivers.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	geography	geography	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | we |  |  | geography |  | about rivers | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about river=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She has a good knowledge of world geography.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:geography:x4:1
# text = She has a good knowledge of world geography.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	geography	geography	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | She | a good knowledge of world geography |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knowledge=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I'm still learning the geography of my new school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:geography:x5:1
# text = I'm still learning the geography of my new school.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	still	still	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	learning	learn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	geography	geography	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | present · progressive | I | the geography of my new school |  |  | still |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent geography=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our geography topic is volcanoes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:geography:x6:1
# text = Our geography topic is volcanoes.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	geography	geography	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	topic	topic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	volcanoes	volcano	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Our geography topic | volcanoes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This is the end of the geography lesson.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:geography:x7:1
# text = This is the end of the geography lesson.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	geography	geography	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | This | the end |  |  |  | of the geography lesson | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [geographical](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/G/geographical/)
- next →: [geological](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/G/geological/)
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