---
title: ginkgo — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ginkgo» in the school dictionary: A tall tree with fan-shaped leaves that turn bright yellow in autumn; it is called a living fossil because trees like it grew in the time of the dinosaurs. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ginkgo

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** shaped leaves, trees, ginkgo, Ginkgo leaves, Ginkgo trees, dinosaurs · **What happens:** shape, turn, call, grow, make, look · **To what, where:** tall tree, supplement, leaves, bomb, Hiroshima, ginkgo tablets · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«ginkgo» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ginkgo in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ginkgo.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tall tree with fan-shaped leaves that turn bright yellow in autumn; it is called a living fossil because trees like it grew in the time of the dinosaurs.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ginkgo:m1:1
# text = A tall tree with fan-shaped leaves that turn bright yellow in autumn; it is called a living fossil because trees like it grew in the time of the dinosaurs.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	fan	fan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	turn	turn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	fossil	fossil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	xcomp	_	_
22	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
23	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	_
24	like	like	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nmod	_	_
26	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shape** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **turn** | present | shaped leaves |  |  |  | autumn | yellow *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **call** | present · passive |  | a tall tree with shaped leaves |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 4 | **grow** | past | trees like fossil |  |  |  | time |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A medicine or supplement made from its leaves (ginkgo biloba).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ginkgo:m2:1
# text = A medicine or supplement made from its leaves (ginkgo biloba).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	supplement	supplement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	ginkgo	ginkgo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	biloba	biloba	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  | supplement *not said here* |  | supplement's leaves |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from leaf=Material |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ginkgo in the park turns golden yellow in autumn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ginkgo:x1:1
# text = The ginkgo in the park turns golden yellow in autumn.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ginkgo	ginkgo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | the ginkgo in the park |  |  |  | autumn | yellow *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ginkgo leaves look like little fans.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ginkgo:x2:1
# text = Ginkgo leaves look like little fans.
1	Ginkgo	ginkgo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	fans	fan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | Ginkgo leaves |  |  |  |  | like little fans | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ginkgo trees were around when dinosaurs lived.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ginkgo:x3:1
# text = Ginkgo trees were around when dinosaurs lived.
1	Ginkgo	ginkgo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	around	around	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Ginkgo trees |  |  |  |  | around *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | past | dinosaurs |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some ginkgo trees survived the bomb in Hiroshima.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ginkgo:x4:1
# text = Some ginkgo trees survived the bomb in Hiroshima.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
2	ginkgo	ginkgo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	survived	survive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bomb	bomb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Hiroshima	Hiroshima	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **survive** | past | some ginkgo trees | the bomb |  | Hiroshima |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme bomb=Circumstance |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma takes ginkgo tablets, but you should only take medicine an adult gives you.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ginkgo:x5:1
# text = Grandma takes ginkgo tablets, but you should only take medicine an adult gives you.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	ginkgo	ginkgo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	tablets	tablet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	only	only	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	parataxis	_	_
11	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | Grandma | ginkgo tablets |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tablet=Theme |
| 2 | **take** | should | you | medicine |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medicine=Theme |
| 3 | **give** | present | a adult |  | you |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The seeds of a female ginkgo tree smell very bad.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ginkgo:x6:1
# text = The seeds of a female ginkgo tree smell very bad.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	female	female	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	ginkgo	ginkgo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
8	smell	smell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	very	very	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smell** | present | the seeds of a female ginkgo tree |  |  |  |  | bad *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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