---
title: gizzard — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «gizzard» in the school dictionary: A gizzard is a strong muscular part of a bird's stomach that grinds up food, often with small stones the bird has swallowed. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# gizzard

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** gizzard, stomach, small stones, Birds, Chickens, people · **What happens:** be, grind up, swallow, mean, stick, annoy · **To what, where:** strong muscular part, food, bird, stomach, gizzard, me · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«gizzard» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [gizzard in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/gizzard.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A gizzard is a strong muscular part of a bird's stomach that grinds up food, often with small stones the bird has swallowed.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gizzard:m1:1
# text = A gizzard is a strong muscular part of a bird's stomach that grinds up food, often with small stones the bird has swallowed.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gizzard	gizzard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	muscular	muscular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	stomach	stomach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	grinds	grind	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	up	up	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	often	often	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
24	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	swallowed	swallow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a gizzard | a strong muscular part |  |  |  | of a bird's stomach | tree rules |
| 2 | **grind up** | present | a bird's stomach | food |  |  |  | with small stones | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent food=Patient with stone=Instrument |
| 3 | **swallow** | present · perfect · passive | small stones *not said here* | the bird |  |  |  |  | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal, humorous — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gizzard can mean a person's stomach or throat: «It sticks in my gizzard» means it annoys me.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gizzard:m2:1
# text = Gizzard can mean a person's stomach or throat: «It sticks in my gizzard» means it annoys me.
1	Gizzard	gizzard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	stomach	stomach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	throat	throat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	sticks	stick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	csubj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	gizzard	gizzard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
18	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	annoys	annoy	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	ccomp	_	_
21	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Gizzard | a person's stomach or throat |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stomach=Topic |
| 2 | **stick** *in a quote* | present | Gizzard |  |  | my gizzard |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in gizzard=Destination |
| 3 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **annoy** | present | Gizzard | me |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds have no teeth, so the gizzard grinds their food.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gizzard:x1:1
# text = Birds have no teeth, so the gizzard grinds their food.
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	gizzard	gizzard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	grinds	grind	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Birds | no teeth |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient |
| 2 | **grind** | present | the gizzard | Birds's food |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP.instrument V NP»: agent=Instrument food=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chickens swallow small stones to help their gizzard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gizzard:x2:1
# text = Chickens swallow small stones to help their gizzard.
1	Chickens	chicken	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	swallow	swallow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	gizzard	gizzard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swallow** | present | Chickens | small stones |  |  |  |  | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Patient |
| 2 | **help** | to-infinitive | Chickens *not said here* | Chickens's gizzard |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gizzard=Beneficiary |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some people fry chicken gizzards.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gizzard:x3:1
# text = Some people fry chicken gizzards.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fry	fry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	chicken	chicken	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	gizzards	gizzard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fry** | present | some people | chicken gizzards |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent gizzard=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The worm ended up in the robin's gizzard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gizzard:x4:1
# text = The worm ended up in the robin's gizzard.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	worm	worm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ended	end	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	robin	robin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	gizzard	gizzard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **end up** | past | the worm |  |  |  |  | in the robin's gizzard *result* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in gizzard=Result |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That unfair rule really sticks in my gizzard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gizzard:x5:1
# text = That unfair rule really sticks in my gizzard.
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	unfair	unfair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	really	really	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	sticks	stick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	gizzard	gizzard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stick** | present | that unfair rule |  |  | my gizzard |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in gizzard=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Earthworms have a gizzard too.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gizzard:x6:1
# text = Earthworms have a gizzard too.
1	Earthworms	earthworm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	gizzard	gizzard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	too	too	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Earthworms | a gizzard |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gizzard=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Make yourself quite small, get into my throat—go into my gizzard and I will carry you.’

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gizzard:x7:1
# text = Make yourself quite small, get into my throat—go into my gizzard and I will carry you.’
1	Make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	1	obj	_	_
3	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	get	get	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	throat	throat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
12	into	into	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	gizzard	gizzard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
19	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | imperative | you *not said here* | yourself |  |  |  | small *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset yourself=Product |
| 2 | **get** | infinitive |  |  |  | my throat |  |  | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into throat=Destination |
| 3 | **go** | infinitive |  |  |  | my gizzard |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into gizzard=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **carry** | future | I | you |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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