---
title: gloom — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «gloom» in the school dictionary: Darkness or near-darkness, as in a dim room or a dark wood. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# gloom

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Doom, everything, Mole, We, feeling, you · **What happens:** mean, talk, go, stumble, see, fall · **To what, where:** gloom, team, doom, everyone, friendly light, door · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«gloom» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [gloom in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/gloom.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Darkness or near-darkness, as in a dim room or a dark wood.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloom:m1:1
# text = Darkness or near-darkness, as in a dim room or a dark wood.
1	Darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
3	near	near	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A feeling of sadness and hopelessness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloom:m2:1
# text = A feeling of sadness and hopelessness.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	sadness	sadness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	hopelessness	hopelessness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: in phrases — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Doom and gloom» means talk that everything will go badly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloom:m3:1
# text = «Doom and gloom» means talk that everything will go badly.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Doom	doom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	gloom	gloom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	11	nsubj	_	_
10	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
12	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Doom and gloom |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **talk** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **go** | future | everything |  |  |  |  | badly *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mole stumbled through the gloom of the Wild Wood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloom:x1:1
# text = Mole stumbled through the gloom of the Wild Wood.
1	Mole	Mole	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stumbled	stumble	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	gloom	gloom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Wild	Wild	PROPN	NNP	_	9	flat	_	_
9	Wood	Wood	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stumble** | past | Mole |  |  | the gloom of the Wild Wood |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through gloom=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We could hardly see in the gloom of the cellar.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloom:x2:1
# text = We could hardly see in the gloom of the cellar.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	hardly	hardly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	gloom	gloom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cellar	cellar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | could | We |  |  | the gloom of the cellar |  | hardly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A feeling of gloom fell over the team after the defeat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloom:x3:1
# text = A feeling of gloom fell over the team after the defeat.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	gloom	gloom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	defeat	defeat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | a feeling of gloom |  |  | the team | after the defeat |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over team=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop the doom and gloom; it's not that bad!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloom:x4:1
# text = Stop the doom and gloom; it's not that bad!
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	doom	doom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	gloom	gloom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
10	that	that	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* | the doom and gloom |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality doom=Eventuality |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present | gloom |  |  |  |  | bad, that *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her smile lit up the gloom of the hospital ward.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloom:x5:1
# text = Her smile lit up the gloom of the hospital ward.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	smile	smile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lit	lit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	gloom	gloom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	hospital	hospital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	ward	ward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lit up** | participle | Her smile | the gloom of the hospital ward |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **smile** |  | Her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom smile «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The long winter gloom made everyone tired.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloom:x6:1
# text = The long winter gloom made everyone tired.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	gloom	gloom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	5	obj	_	_
7	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the long winter gloom | everyone |  |  |  | tired *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset everyone=Product |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Out of the gloom came the friendly light of Badger's door.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloom:x7:1
# text = Out of the gloom came the friendly light of Badger's door.
1	Out	out	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	gloom	gloom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
5	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	Badger	Badger	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past |  | the friendly light of Badger's door |  | the gloom |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location light=Theme |
| 2 | **light** |  |  | Badger's door |  |  |  |  | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It came as the arrows went, leaving the island in gloom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloom:x8:1
# text = It came as the arrows went, leaving the island in gloom.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	arrows	arrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	gloom	gloom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | past | the arrows |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **leave** | gerund | the arrows *not said here* | the island |  | gloom |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent island=Theme in gloom=Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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