---
title: gloomy — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «gloomy» in the school dictionary: Dark or dim, with very little light. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/G/gloomy/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [G](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/G/) / gloomy

# gloomy

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** It, old house, you, weather forecast, Tom, gloomiest room · **What happens:** expect, happen, be, look, cheer up, feel · **To what, where:** bad things, gloomy rainy afternoon, match, dungeon, landscape

<!-- .vabout -->
«gloomy» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [gloomy in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/gloomy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dark or dim, with very little light.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloomy:m1:1
# text = Dark or dim, with very little light.
1	Dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sad and without hope; in low spirits.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloomy:m2:1
# text = Sad and without hope; in low spirits.
1	Sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	without	without	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	hope	hope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	spirits	spirit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Expecting bad things to happen: «a gloomy forecast».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloomy:m3:1
# text = Expecting bad things to happen: «a gloomy forecast».
1	Expecting	expect	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	gloomy	gloomy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	forecast	forecast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **expect** | gerund |  | bad things |  |  |  | a gloomy forecast *obl* | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |
| 2 | **happen** | to-infinitive |  | bad things *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was a gloomy, rainy afternoon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloomy:x1:1
# text = It was a gloomy, rainy afternoon.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	gloomy	gloomy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	rainy	rainy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	afternoon	afternoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | a gloomy rainy afternoon |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old house was gloomy and full of shadows.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloomy:x2:1
# text = The old house was gloomy and full of shadows.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	gloomy	gloomy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	shadows	shadow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the old house |  |  |  |  | gloomy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the old house *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of shadows | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why do you look so gloomy? Cheer up!

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Why do you look so gloomy?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloomy:x3:1
# text = Why do you look so gloomy?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	gloomy	gloomy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present · do-support | you |  |  |  |  | gloomy *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Cheer up!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloomy:x3:2
# text = Cheer up!
1	Cheer	cheer	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cheer up** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The weather forecast for the weekend is gloomy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloomy:x4:1
# text = The weather forecast for the weekend is gloomy.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	forecast	forecast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	weekend	weekend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	gloomy	gloomy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the weather forecast for the weekend |  |  |  |  | gloomy *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tom felt gloomy after losing the match.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloomy:x5:1
# text = Tom felt gloomy after losing the match.
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	gloomy	gloomy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | Tom |  |  |  |  | gloomy *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **lose** | gerund | Tom *not said here* | the match |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent match=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The gloomiest room in the castle was the dungeon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloomy:x6:1
# text = The gloomiest room in the castle was the dungeon.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	gloomiest	gloomy	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
3	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	dungeon	dungeon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the gloomiest room in the castle | the dungeon |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grand, dark, and gloomy appeared the landscape around him.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gloomy:x7:1
# text = Grand, dark, and gloomy appeared the landscape around him.
1	Grand	grand	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	gloomy	gloomy	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	landscape	landscape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	around	around	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | past |  | the landscape |  |  |  | around him *= he*; gloomy *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location landscape=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [gloomily](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/G/gloomily/)
- next →: [glorious](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/G/glorious/)
- ↑ back to [G in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/G/)