---
title: glug — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «glug» in the school dictionary: The gurgling sound liquid makes when it is poured out of a bottle. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# glug

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** gurgling sound liquid, you, water, He, bottle, she · **What happens:** gurgle, make, pour out, pour, drink, add · **To what, where:** liquid, bottle, amount, something, glug, plughole

<!-- .vabout -->
«glug» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [glug in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/glug.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The gurgling sound liquid makes when it is poured out of a bottle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glug:m1:1
# text = The gurgling sound liquid makes when it is poured out of a bottle.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	gurgling	gurgle	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	amod	_	_
3	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	poured	pour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	xcomp	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	bottle	bottle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gurgle** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | present | the gurgling sound liquid |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **pour out** | present · passive |  | liquid |  | a bottle |  |  | vn pour-9.5 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme bottle=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An amount poured quickly, as in «a glug of oil».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glug:m2:1
# text = An amount poured quickly, as in «a glug of oil».
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	poured	pour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	glug	glug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pour** | participle |  | a amount *not said here* |  |  |  | as a glug of oil; quickly *property* | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To drink or pour something quickly and noisily.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glug:m3:1
# text = To drink or pour something quickly and noisily.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	drink	drink	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	pour	pour	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	_
6	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	noisily	noisily	ADV	RB	_	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drink** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **pour** | infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Add a glug of olive oil to the pan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glug:x1:1
# text = Add a glug of olive oil to the pan.
1	Add	add	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	glug	glug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	olive	olive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pan	pan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* | a glug of olive oil |  |  |  | to the pan | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent glug=Patient to pan=Co-Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The water went glug, glug, glug down the plughole.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glug:x2:1
# text = The water went glug, glug, glug down the plughole.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	glug	glug	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	glug	glug	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	glug	glug	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
9	down	down	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	plughole	plughole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | the water |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **glug** | infinitive | the water *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **glug** | infinitive | the water *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **glug down** | infinitive | the water *not said here* | the plughole |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He glugged his orange juice in one go.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glug:x3:1
# text = He glugged his orange juice in one go.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	glugged	glug	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	orange	orange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	juice	juice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	go	go	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **glug** | past | He | his orange juice |  | one go |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't glug your drink; sip it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glug:x4:1
# text = Don't glug your drink; sip it.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	glug	glug	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	sip	sip	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **glug** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | your drink |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sip** | infinitive | you *not said here* | drink |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bottle made a glug as she poured the milk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glug:x5:1
# text = The bottle made a glug as she poured the milk.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bottle	bottle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	glug	glug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	poured	pour	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the bottle | a glug |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material glug=Product |
| 2 | **pour** | past | she | the milk |  |  |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent milk=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Glug» is an onomatopoeia, like «splash» and «buzz».

<!-- fold The tree, 8 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glug:x6:1
# text = «Glug» is an onomatopoeia, like «splash» and «buzz».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Glug	Glug	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	onomatopoeia	onomatopoeia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	splash	splash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	buzz	buzz	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Glug | a onomatopoeia and buzz |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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