---
title: glutamate — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «glutamate» in the school dictionary: A natural substance found in many foods such as tomatoes, cheese and mushrooms; it gives the savoury taste called umami. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# glutamate

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** natural substance, savoury taste, Monosodium glutamate, food, nerve cells, Parmesan cheese · **What happens:** find, give, call, add, make, taste · **To what, where:** natural substance, many foods, savoury taste, umami, food, chemical messenger · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«glutamate» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [glutamate in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/glutamate.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A natural substance found in many foods such as tomatoes, cheese and mushrooms; it gives the savoury taste called umami.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glutamate:m1:1
# text = A natural substance found in many foods such as tomatoes, cheese and mushrooms; it gives the savoury taste called umami.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
4	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	foods	food	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	10	case	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	tomatoes	tomato	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	mushrooms	mushroom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	savoury	savoury	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	taste	taste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
21	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	acl	_	_
22	umami	umami	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | participle |  | a natural substance *not said here* |  | many foods such tomatoes and cheese and mushrooms |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **give** | present | a natural substance | the savoury taste |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent taste=Theme |
| 3 | **call** | participle | the savoury taste *not said here* | umami |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a salt of it added to food to make it taste more savoury.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glutamate:m2:1
# text = Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a salt of it added to food to make it taste more savoury.
1	Monosodium	monosodium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	glutamate	glutamate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	MSG	msg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nmod	_	_
11	added	add	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	taste	taste	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	19	advmod	_	_
19	savoury	savoury	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | past | Monosodium glutamate and a salt of salt |  |  |  |  | to food | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient to food=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | Monosodium glutamate and a salt of salt *not said here* | food |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **taste** | infinitive | food *not said here* |  |  |  |  | savoury *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: biology — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A chemical messenger that nerve cells in the brain use to pass signals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glutamate:m3:1
# text = A chemical messenger that nerve cells in the brain use to pass signals.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	chemical	chemical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	messenger	messenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obj	_	_
5	nerve	nerve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	cells	cell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl:relcl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
13	signals	signal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | infinitive | nerve cells in the brain | a chemical messenger |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | nerve cells in the brain *not said here* | signals |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme signal=Trajectory |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Parmesan cheese is rich in natural glutamate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glutamate:x1:1
# text = Parmesan cheese is rich in natural glutamate.
1	Parmesan	Parmesan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	glutamate	glutamate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Parmesan cheese |  |  | natural glutamate |  | rich *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Monosodium glutamate is often written as MSG on packets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glutamate:x2:1
# text = Monosodium glutamate is often written as MSG on packets.
1	Monosodium	monosodium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	glutamate	glutamate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	often	often	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	MSG	msg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	packets	packet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | present · passive |  | Monosodium glutamate |  | packets |  | as MSG; often *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme on packet=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Glutamate gives food the savoury taste called umami.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glutamate:x3:1
# text = Glutamate gives food the savoury taste called umami.
1	Glutamate	glutamate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	savoury	savoury	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	taste	taste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	umami	umami	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | Glutamate | food |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent food=Recipient taste=Theme |
| 2 | **call** | participle | the savoury taste *not said here* | umami |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ripe tomatoes contain more glutamate than green ones.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glutamate:x4:1
# text = Ripe tomatoes contain more glutamate than green ones.
1	Ripe	ripe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	tomatoes	tomato	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	contain	contain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	glutamate	glutamate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | present | Ripe tomatoes | more glutamate |  |  |  | than green ones | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot glutamate=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some crisps have glutamate added as a flavour enhancer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glutamate:x5:1
# text = Some crisps have glutamate added as a flavour enhancer.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	crisps	crisp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	glutamate	glutamate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	added	add	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	flavour	flavour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	enhancer	enhancer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | some crisps | glutamate |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glutamate=Patient |
| 2 | **add** *speech: assert* | participle |  | glutamate *not said here* |  |  |  | as a flavour enhancer | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your brain uses glutamate to send messages between nerve cells.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:glutamate:x6:1
# text = Your brain uses glutamate to send messages between nerve cells.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	glutamate	glutamate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
7	messages	message	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	between	between	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	nerve	nerve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	cells	cell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Your brain | glutamate |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glutamate=Patient |
| 2 | **send** | to-infinitive | Your brain *not said here* | messages |  |  |  | between nerve cells | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent message=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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