---
title: goad — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «goad» in the school dictionary: A goad is a pointed stick used to drive animals on. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# goad

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** goad, farmer, oxen, you, he, his · **What happens:** be, use, drive, goad, prod, act · **To what, where:** pointed stick, animals, someone, them, goad, brother

<!-- .vabout -->
«goad» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [goad in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/goad.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A goad is a pointed stick used to drive animals on.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:goad:m1:1
# text = A goad is a pointed stick used to drive animals on.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	goad	goad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	pointed	pointed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	stick	stick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	drive	drive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
10	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	on	on	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a goad | a pointed stick |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | a pointed stick *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **drive** | to-infinitive |  | animals |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To goad is to push or prod someone to act, often by annoying or provoking them.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:goad:m2:1
# text = To goad is to push or prod someone to act, often by annoying or provoking them.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	goad	goad	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	push	push	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	prod	prod	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
8	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	act	act	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	often	often	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	annoying	annoying	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	provoking	provoke	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	_
17	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **goad** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | push *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **prod** | infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Experiencer |
| 4 | **act** | to-infinitive |  | someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **provoke** | gerund |  | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farmer used a goad to make the oxen move.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:goad:x1:1
# text = The farmer used a goad to make the oxen move.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	goad	goad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	oxen	ox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	move	move	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | the farmer | a goad |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goad=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | the farmer *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **move** | present | the oxen |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do not goad your brother; he will lose his temper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:goad:x2:1
# text = Do not goad your brother; he will lose his temper.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	goad	goad	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	lose	lose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	temper	temper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **goad** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | your brother |  |  |  |  | vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brother=Patient |
| 2 | **lose** | future | he | his temper |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent temper=Eventuality |
| 3 | **temper** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom temper «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Children of the yoke and goad, pack and harness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:goad:x3:1
# text = Children of the yoke and goad, pack and harness.
1	Children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	yoke	yoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	goad	goad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	pack	pack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	harness	harness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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