---
title: goatherd — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «goatherd» in the school dictionary: A person whose job is to look after a group of goats, usually taking them out to graze in the hills. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# goatherd

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, Peter, goatherd, lonely goatherd · **What happens:** be, take out, graze, job, lead up, whistle · **To what, where:** goats, hills, lost princess, story, flock, us

<!-- .vabout -->
«goatherd» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [goatherd in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/goatherd.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person whose job is to look after a group of goats, usually taking them out to graze in the hills.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:goatherd:m1:1
# text = A person whose job is to look after a group of goats, usually taking them out to graze in the hills.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	goats	goat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	out	out	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	graze	graze	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	advcl	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a person |  |  |  | after a group of goats | look *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **take out** | gerund | a person *not said here* | goats *= goat* |  |  |  | usually *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 3 | **graze** | to-infinitive | a person *not said here* |  |  | the hills |  |  | vn dine-39.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **job** |  | a person |  |  |  |  |  | nom job «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Peter the goatherd led the goats up the mountain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:goatherd:x1:1
# text = Peter the goatherd led the goats up the mountain.
1	Peter	Peter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	goatherd	goatherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
4	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	goats	goat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead up** | past | Peter | the goats |  |  |  | the mountain *obl:unmarked* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The goatherd whistled to bring the goats home.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:goatherd:x2:1
# text = The goatherd whistled to bring the goats home.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	goatherd	goatherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	whistled	whistle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	goats	goat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	home	home	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **whistle** | past | the goatherd |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **bring** | to-infinitive | the goatherd *not said here* |  | the goats |  |  | home *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument goat=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the story, the goatherd found a lost princess.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:goatherd:x3:1
# text = In the story, the goatherd found a lost princess.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	goatherd	goatherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | the goatherd | a lost princess |  | the story |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent princess=Topic |
| 2 | **lose** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A goatherd in Greece showed us his flock.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:goatherd:x4:1
# text = A goatherd in Greece showed us his flock.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	goatherd	goatherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Greece	Greece	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	iobj	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	flock	flock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | a goatherd in Greece | goatherd's flock | us |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient flock=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The goatherd slept in a small stone hut.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:goatherd:x5:1
# text = The goatherd slept in a small stone hut.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	goatherd	goatherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	slept	sleep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	hut	hut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleep** | past | the goatherd |  |  | a small stone hut |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in hut=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lonely goatherd sang in the hills.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:goatherd:x6:1
# text = The lonely goatherd sang in the hills.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	lonely	lonely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	goatherd	goatherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | the lonely goatherd |  |  | the hills |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hill=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Goatherd tried to call it back, but in vain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:goatherd:x7:1
# text = The Goatherd tried to call it back, but in vain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Goatherd	Goatherd	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	tried	try	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	back	back	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	vain	vain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **try** | past | the Goatherd |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **call back** *speech: assert* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the Goatherd *not said here* | Goatherd |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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