---
title: golden — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «golden» in the school dictionary: Golden means made of gold. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# golden

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Golden, princess, you, top, golden sand, golden rule · **What happens:** mean, make, have, wear, bake, be · **To what, where:** bright yellow colour, golden crown, pie, feet, treat others, friendly dog · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«golden» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [golden in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/golden.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Golden means made of gold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:golden:m1:1
# text = Golden means made of gold.
1	Golden	golden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Golden |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | of gold | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Golden means having the bright yellow colour of gold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:golden:m2:1
# text = Golden means having the bright yellow colour of gold.
1	Golden	golden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Golden |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** *not said to happen* | gerund | Golden *not said here* | the bright yellow colour of gold |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Golden means very special, happy or excellent, as in «a golden chance».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:golden:m3:1
# text = Golden means very special, happy or excellent, as in «a golden chance».
1	Golden	golden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	excellent	excellent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	chance	chance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Golden |  |  |  |  | special *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The princess wore a golden crown.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:golden:x1:1
# text = The princess wore a golden crown.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	crown	crown	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | the princess | a golden crown |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent crown=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bake the pie until the top is golden brown.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:golden:x2:1
# text = Bake the pie until the top is golden brown.
1	Bake	bake	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	pie	pie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bake** | imperative | you *not said here* | the pie |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pie=Product |
| 2 | **is** | present | the top |  |  |  |  | brown *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The golden sand on the beach was warm under our feet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:golden:x3:1
# text = The golden sand on the beach was warm under our feet.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	under	under	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the golden sand on the beach |  |  | our feet |  | warm *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our teacher's golden rule is: treat others as you want to be treated.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:golden:x4:1
# text = Our teacher's golden rule is: treat others as you want to be treated.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	treat	treat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	want	want	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	treated	treat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Our teacher's golden rule | treat others |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **want** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **treat** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive · passive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient» |
| 4 | **rule** |  | Our teacher |  |  |  |  |  | nom rule «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A golden retriever is a friendly dog with golden fur.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:golden:x5:1
# text = A golden retriever is a friendly dog with golden fur.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	retriever	retriever	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a golden retriever | a friendly dog |  |  |  | with golden fur | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In autumn the trees turn red and golden.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:golden:x6:1
# text = In autumn the trees turn red and golden.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	turn	turn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | the trees |  |  |  | autumn | red *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Missing that goal was a golden chance lost.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:golden:x7:1
# text = Missing that goal was a golden chance lost.
1	Missing	miss	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	csubj	_	_
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	goal	goal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	chance	chance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **miss** | gerund |  | that goal |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer goal=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Missing | a golden chance |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **lose** | participle |  | a golden chance *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the fairy tale, the goose laid a golden egg every day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:golden:x8:1
# text = In the fairy tale, the goose laid a golden egg every day.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	fairy	fairy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	goose	goose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
13	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | past | the goose | a golden egg |  | the fairy tale | day |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme in tale=Destination |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Give me back my golden stirrup."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:golden:x9:1
# text = "Give me back my golden stirrup."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Give	give	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	back	back	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	stirrup	stirrup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give back** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* | my golden stirrup | me |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient stirrup=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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