---
title: gps — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «gps» in the school dictionary: Abbreviation of Global Positioning System: a system using satellites to show exactly where you are on Earth. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# gps

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** system, you, device, GPS, Hikers, phone · **What happens:** position, use, show, be, give, turn · **To what, where:** satellites, Earth, this, directions, GPS, us · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«gps» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [gps in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/gps.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Abbreviation of Global Positioning System: a system using satellites to show exactly where you are on Earth.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gps:m1:1
# text = Abbreviation of Global Positioning System: a system using satellites to show exactly where you are on Earth.
1	Abbreviation	Abbreviation	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	Global	Global	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	1	nmod	_	_
4	Positioning	position	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	System	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
9	using	use	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	satellites	satellite	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
13	exactly	exactly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	18	advmod	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **position** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **use** | gerund | a system *not said here* | satellites |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent satellite=Patient |
| 3 | **show** | to-infinitive | a system *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | you |  |  | Earth |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A device or app that uses this to give directions.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gps:m2:1
# text = A device or app that uses this to give directions.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	device	device	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	app	app	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
10	directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | a device or app | this |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Patient |
| 2 | **give** | to-infinitive | a device or app *not said here* | directions |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent direction=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turn on the GPS.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gps:m2e:1
# text = Turn on the GPS.
1	Turn	turn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	GPS	GPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the GPS |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on gps=Trajectory |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The GPS told us to turn left at the lights.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gps:x1:1
# text = The GPS told us to turn left at the lights.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	GPS	GPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	left	left	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the GPS |  | us |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent we=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **turn** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the GPS *not said here* |  |  | the lights |  | left *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme at light=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hikers use GPS so they don't get lost.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gps:x2:1
# text = Hikers use GPS so they don't get lost.
1	Hikers	hiker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	GPS	GPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
6	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	get	get	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Hikers | GPS |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gps=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **lose** | present · passive · do-support |  | Hikers *= hiker* |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The phone's GPS showed our location on the map.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gps:x3:1
# text = The phone's GPS showed our location on the map.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	GPS	GPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	location	location	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the phone | our location |  | the map |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent location=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
GPS works using satellites in space.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gps:x4:1
# text = GPS works using satellites in space.
1	GPS	GPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	using	use	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	satellites	satellite	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | present | GPS |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | gerund | GPS *not said here* | satellites |  | space |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent satellite=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog has a GPS tracker on its collar.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gps:x5:1
# text = The dog has a GPS tracker on its collar.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	GPS	GPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	tracker	tracker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	collar	collar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the dog | a GPS tracker |  | dog's collar |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tracker=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rescuers used GPS coordinates to find the boat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gps:x6:1
# text = Rescuers used GPS coordinates to find the boat.
1	Rescuers	rescuer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	GPS	GPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	coordinates	coordinate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | Rescuers |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **coordinate** | present | GPS |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **find** | to-infinitive | GPS *not said here* | the boat |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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