---
title: grab — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «grab» in the school dictionary: To grab is to take hold of something quickly and roughly. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# grab

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** someone, Tom, She, he, child, you · **What happens:** grab, be, hold, mean, get, notice · **To what, where:** something, snack, seat, attention, 5 sweets, bowl · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«grab» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [grab in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/grab.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To grab is to take hold of something quickly and roughly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grab:m1:1
# text = To grab is to take hold of something quickly and roughly.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	grab	grab	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	hold	hold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nmod	_	_
9	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	roughly	roughly	ADV	RB	_	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grab** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | quickly, take *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **hold** |  |  | something |  |  |  |  | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To grab can mean to get something quickly: «grab a snack», «grab a seat».

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grab:m2:1
# text = To grab can mean to get something quickly: «grab a snack», «grab a seat».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	grab	grab	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	_
8	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	grab	grab	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	snack	snack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	grab	grab	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	11	parataxis	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grab** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **get** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus |
| 4 | **grab** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | a snack |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snack=Theme |
| 5 | **grab** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | a seat |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seat=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To grab someone's attention is to make them notice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grab:m3:1
# text = To grab someone's attention is to make them notice.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	grab	grab	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	csubj	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	attention	attention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	notice	notice	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grab** | to-infinitive |  | someone's attention |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attention=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | make *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **notice** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **attend** |  | someone |  |  |  |  |  | nom attention «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Up for grabs» means free for anyone to take.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grab:m4:1
# text = «Up for grabs» means free for anyone to take.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Up	up	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	grabs	grab	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grab** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | free *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **take** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tom grabbed 5 sweets from the bowl.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grab:x1:1
# text = Tom grabbed 5 sweets from the bowl.
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grabbed	grab	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	sweets	sweet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bowl	bowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grab** | past | Tom | 5 sweets |  | the bowl |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent sweet=Theme from bowl=Source |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She grabs 3 apples each time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grab:x2:1
# text = She grabs 3 apples each time.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grabs	grab	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grab** | present | She | 3 apples |  |  | time |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apple=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After he grabbed 4 cookies, 9 were left.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grab:x3:1
# text = After he grabbed 4 cookies, 9 were left.
1	After	after	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grabbed	grab	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	cookies	cookie	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	appos	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grab** | past | he | 4 cookies |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cookie=Theme |
| 2 | **leave** | past · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V» |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each child grabs 2 balloons.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grab:x4:1
# text = Each child grabs 2 balloons.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grabs	grab	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	balloons	balloon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grab** | present | each child | 2 balloons |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent balloon=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't grab, ask nicely and wait your turn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grab:x5:1
# text = Don't grab, ask nicely and wait your turn.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	grab	grab	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	ask	ask	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	nicely	nicely	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	wait	wait	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	turn	turn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **grab** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | nicely *property* | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **wait** | infinitive | you *not said here* | your turn |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He grabbed the rail when the bus stopped.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grab:x6:1
# text = He grabbed the rail when the bus stopped.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grabbed	grab	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	rail	rail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grab** | past | He | the rail |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rail=Theme |
| 2 | **stop** | past | the bus |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Let's grab a sandwich before the film.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grab:x7:1
# text = Let's grab a sandwich before the film.
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	grab	grab	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	before	before	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | 's |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **grab** | infinitive | 's *not said here* | a sandwich |  |  | before the film |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sandwich=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bright poster grabbed my attention.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grab:x8:1
# text = The bright poster grabbed my attention.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	poster	poster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	grabbed	grab	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	attention	attention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grab** | past | the bright poster | my attention |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attention=Theme |
| 2 | **attend** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom attention «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The last seat is up for grabs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grab:x9:1
# text = The last seat is up for grabs.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	up	up	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	grabs	grab	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the last seat |  |  |  |  | up *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **grab** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She leaped upon the boards and made a grab at him and fell back.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grab:x10:1
# text = She leaped upon the boards and made a grab at him and fell back.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	leaped	leap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	boards	board	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	grab	grab	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	back	back	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leap** | past | She |  |  | the boards |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon board=Trajectory |
| 2 | **make** | past | She *not said here* | a grab |  |  |  | at him *= he* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset grab=Product |
| 3 | **fall back** | past | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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