---
title: grainy — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «grainy» in the school dictionary: Grainy means having a rough texture with small bits or grains in it, like sand, or food that is not smooth. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/G/grainy/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [G](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/G/) / grainy

# grainy

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Grainy, food, grainy photo, Grainy bread, old photo, custard · **What happens:** mean, have, not be, look, make, be · **To what, where:** rough texture, visible grain pattern, anything, nice grainy texture · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«grainy» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [grainy in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/grainy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grainy means having a rough texture with small bits or grains in it, like sand, or food that is not smooth.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grainy:m1:1
# text = Grainy means having a rough texture with small bits or grains in it, like sand, or food that is not smooth.
1	Grainy	grainy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	ccomp	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	texture	texture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	bits	bit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	grains	grain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
22	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	23	advmod	_	_
23	smooth	smooth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Grainy |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** | gerund |  | a rough texture |  |  |  | with small bits or grains in texture; like sand or food | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent texture=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **is** | present | food |  |  |  |  | smooth *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A grainy photo or video is not clear and looks spotty, made of tiny dots.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grainy:m2:1
# text = A grainy photo or video is not clear and looks spotty, made of tiny dots.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	grainy	grainy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	photo	photo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	video	video	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
11	spotty	spotty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	parataxis	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	dots	dot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | a grainy photo or video |  |  |  |  | clear *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **look** | present | a grainy photo or video *not said here* |  |  |  |  | spotty *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **make** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | of tiny dots | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grainy bread or wood has a visible grain pattern.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grainy:m3:1
# text = Grainy bread or wood has a visible grain pattern.
1	Grainy	grainy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	visible	visible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	grain	grain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	pattern	pattern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Grainy bread or wood | a visible grain pattern |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old photo of Great-Grandma is grainy and faded.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grainy:x1:1
# text = The old photo of Great-Grandma is grainy and faded.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	photo	photo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	Great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	grainy	grainy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	faded	fade	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the old photo of Great Grandma |  |  |  |  | grainy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **fade** | past | the old photo of Great Grandma *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The custard went grainy because it got too hot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grainy:x2:1
# text = The custard went grainy because it got too hot.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	custard	custard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	grainy	grainy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	too	too	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | the custard |  |  |  |  | grainy *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **get** | past | custard |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The video of the UFO was too grainy to prove anything.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grainy:x3:1
# text = The video of the UFO was too grainy to prove anything.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	video	video	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	UFO	ufo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	too	too	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	grainy	grainy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	prove	prove	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
11	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the video of the UFO |  |  |  |  | grainy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **prove** | to-infinitive | the video of the UFO *not said here* | anything |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This bread has a nice grainy texture.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grainy:x4:1
# text = This bread has a nice grainy texture.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	nice	nice	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	grainy	grainy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	texture	texture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | this bread | a nice grainy texture |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent texture=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The beach sand felt grainy between my toes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grainy:x5:1
# text = The beach sand felt grainy between my toes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	grainy	grainy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	between	between	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	toes	toe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | the beach sand |  |  |  |  | grainy *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When you zoom right in, the picture becomes grainy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grainy:x6:1
# text = When you zoom right in, the picture becomes grainy.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	zoom	zoom	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
4	right	right	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	grainy	grainy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **zoom** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **become** | present | the picture |  |  |  |  | grainy *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [grain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/G/grain/)
- next →: [gram](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/G/gram/)
- ↑ back to [G in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/G/)