---
title: grandpa — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «grandpa» in the school dictionary: Grandpa is an informal, friendly word for your grandfather: the father of your mother or your father. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# grandpa

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Grandpa, I, We, Everyone · **What happens:** be, take, tell, make, use, visit · **To what, where:** informal friendly word, me, story, us, card, train driver · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«grandpa» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [grandpa in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/grandpa.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa is an informal, friendly word for your grandfather: the father of your mother or your father.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grandpa:m1:1
# text = Grandpa is an informal, friendly word for your grandfather: the father of your mother or your father.
1	Grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	grandfather	grandfather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Grandpa | a informal friendly word |  |  |  | for your grandfather | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My grandpa takes me fishing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grandpa:x1:1
# text = My grandpa takes me fishing.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	fishing	fishing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | My grandpa | me |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument i=Theme fishing=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa, can you tell us a story?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grandpa:x2:1
# text = Grandpa, can you tell us a story?
1	Grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	iobj	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | can | Grandpa | a story | us |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient story=Topic |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I made a card for Grandpa's birthday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grandpa:x3:1
# text = I made a card for Grandpa's birthday.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	card	card	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	birthday	birthday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | I | a card |  |  |  | for Grandpa's birthday | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent card=Product for birthday=Asset |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa used to be a train driver.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grandpa:x4:1
# text = Grandpa used to be a train driver.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	driver	driver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | Grandpa |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive | Grandpa *not said here* | a train driver |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We visit Grandpa every Sunday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grandpa:x5:1
# text = We visit Grandpa every Sunday.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	visit	visit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	Sunday	Sunday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **visit** | present | We | Grandpa |  |  | sunday |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grandpa=Co-Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your grandpa is your dad's dad or your mum's dad.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grandpa:x6:1
# text = Your grandpa is your dad's dad or your mum's dad.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Your grandpa | your dad's dad or your mum's dad |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Everyone has two grandpas.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grandpa:x7:1
# text = Everyone has two grandpas.
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	grandpas	grandpa	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Everyone | two grandpas |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grandpa=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa is teaching me to play chess.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grandpa:x8:1
# text = Grandpa is teaching me to play chess.
1	Grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	teaching	teach	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	chess	chess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | present · progressive | Grandpa |  | me |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent i=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **play** | to-infinitive | Grandpa *not said here* | chess |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chess=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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