---
title: grave — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «grave» in the school dictionary: A place in the ground where a dead person is buried, often marked with a stone. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# grave

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** We, grave, you, doctor, Playing, Taking · **What happens:** bury, mark, worry, look, not smile, put · **To what, where:** place, flowers, grave, stone, name, graveyard

<!-- .vabout -->
«grave» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [grave in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/grave.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A place in the ground where a dead person is buried, often marked with a stone.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grave:m1:1
# text = A place in the ground where a dead person is buried, often marked with a stone.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	11	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	buried	bury	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	often	often	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	marked	mark	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bury** | present · passive |  | a place in the ground |  |  |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **mark** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | with a stone; often *property* | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with stone=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very serious and worrying: «a grave danger».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grave:m2:1
# text = Very serious and worrying: «a grave danger».
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	serious	serious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	worrying	worry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	grave	grave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **worry** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Looking serious and not smiling: «a grave face».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grave:m3:1
# text = Looking serious and not smiling: «a grave face».
1	Looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	csubj	_	_
2	serious	serious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	smiling	smile	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	grave	grave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | serious *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **not** **smile** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We put flowers on Grandma's grave.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grave:x1:1
# text = We put flowers on Grandma's grave.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	Grandma	Grandma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | We | flowers |  | Grandma's grave |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent flower=Theme on grave=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The grave had a stone with her name on it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grave:x2:1
# text = The grave had a stone with her name on it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the grave | a stone |  |  |  | with grave's name on name | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Patient |
| 2 | **name** |  | grave |  |  | name |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent on=place |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Walk quietly and respectfully in the graveyard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grave:x3:1
# text = Walk quietly and respectfully in the graveyard.
1	Walk	walk	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	quietly	quietly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	respectfully	respectfully	ADV	RB	_	2	conj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	graveyard	graveyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the graveyard |  | quietly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in graveyard=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctor looked grave as she gave the news.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grave:x4:1
# text = The doctor looked grave as she gave the news.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	grave	grave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | the doctor |  |  |  |  | grave *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **give** | past | doctor | the news |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent news=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Playing on the ice is a grave danger.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grave:x5:1
# text = Playing on the ice is a grave danger.
1	Playing	play	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	csubj	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | gerund |  |  |  | the ice |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Playing | a grave danger |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Taking the wrong road was a grave mistake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grave:x6:1
# text = Taking the wrong road was a grave mistake.
1	Taking	take	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	grave	grave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | gerund |  | the wrong road |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Taking | a grave mistake |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"I'm going to my comrade's grave.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grave:x7:1
# text = "I'm going to my comrade's grave.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	comrade	comrade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** *in a quote* | present · progressive | I |  |  | my comrade's grave |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to grave=Initial\_Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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