---
title: grin — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «grin» in the school dictionary: To smile widely, often showing your teeth. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# grin

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Phrase grin, Max, She, He, grin, cat · **What happens:** smile, show, bear, put up, complain, grin · **To what, where:** teeth, it, birthday cake, cheeky grin, face, ear · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«grin» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [grin in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/grin.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To smile widely, often showing your teeth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grin:m1:1
# text = To smile widely, often showing your teeth.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	smile	smile	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	widely	widely	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	often	often	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	showing	show	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smile** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | widely *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **show** | gerund |  | your teeth |  |  |  | often *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent tooth=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A wide, happy or cheeky smile.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grin:m2:1
# text = A wide, happy or cheeky smile.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
2	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	cheeky	cheeky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
7	smile	smile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Phrase «grin and bear it»: to put up with something unpleasant without complaining.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grin:m3:1
# text = Phrase «grin and bear it»: to put up with something unpleasant without complaining.
1	Phrase	phrase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	grin	grin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	bear	bear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
11	up	up	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	obl	_	_
14	unpleasant	unpleasant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
15	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
16	complaining	complain	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bear** *in a quote* | infinitive | Phrase grin | it |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 2 | **put up** | to-infinitive | Phrase grin *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with something | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **complain** *speech: other* | gerund | Phrase grin *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Max grinned when he saw the birthday cake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grin:x1:1
# text = Max grinned when he saw the birthday cake.
1	Max	Max	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grinned	grin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	birthday	birthday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grin** | past | Max |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | past | Max | the birthday cake |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cake=Stimulus |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She had a cheeky grin on her face.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grin:x2:1
# text = She had a cheeky grin on her face.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	cheeky	cheeky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	grin	grin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | She | a cheeky grin |  | her face |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grin=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He grinned from ear to ear after scoring a goal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grin:x3:1
# text = He grinned from ear to ear after scoring a goal.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grinned	grin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	scoring	score	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	goal	goal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grin** | past | He |  | ear |  |  | to ear | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to ear=Recipient |
| 2 | **score** | gerund | He *not said here* | a goal |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goal=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Cheshire Cat's grin stayed after the cat disappeared.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grin:x4:1
# text = The Cheshire Cat's grin stayed after the cat disappeared.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Cheshire	Cheshire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Cat	Cat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	grin	grin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	disappeared	disappear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | the Cheshire Cat's grin |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **disappear** | past | the cat |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **grin** |  | the Cheshire Cat |  |  |  |  |  | nom grin «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The injection hurt, but I had to grin and bear it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grin:x5:1
# text = The injection hurt, but I had to grin and bear it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	injection	injection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	grin	grin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	bear	bear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hurt** | past | the injection |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **have** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **grin** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **bear** | infinitive | I *not said here* | injection |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wipe that grin off your face and tidy your room!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grin:x6:1
# text = Wipe that grin off your face and tidy your room!
1	Wipe	wipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grin	grin	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	tidy	tidy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grin off** | present | that | your face |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent face=Theme |
| 2 | **tidy** | infinitive | that *not said here* | your room |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“At this the spectre grinned in my face and cried mockingly:

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grin:x7:1
# text = “At this the spectre grinned in my face and cried mockingly:
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	At	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	spectre	spectre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
6	grinned	grin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	mockingly	mockingly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grin** *in a quote* | past |  |  |  | this spectre |  | in my face | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in face=Theme |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* *in a quote* | past |  |  |  |  |  | mockingly *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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