---
title: gripping — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «gripping» in the school dictionary: Very exciting and holding your attention, so you cannot stop reading or watching. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# gripping

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, your, It, I, film, She · **What happens:** hold, not stop, read, watch, attend, grip · **To what, where:** attention, something, gripping book, gripping ending, rope, handlebars · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«gripping» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [gripping in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/gripping.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very exciting and holding your attention, so you cannot stop reading or watching.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gripping:m1:1
# text = Very exciting and holding your attention, so you cannot stop reading or watching.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	exciting	exciting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	conj	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	attention	attention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
13	reading	read	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	xcomp	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	watching	watch	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | gerund |  | your attention |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attention=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **stop** | can | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **read** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **watch** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **attend** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom attention «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Holding something tightly (from the verb «grip»).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gripping:m2:1
# text = Holding something tightly (from the verb «grip»).
1	Holding	hold	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	tightly	tightly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	grip	grip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | gerund |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was such a gripping book that I read it in one night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gripping:x1:1
# text = It was such a gripping book that I read it in one night.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	6	det:predet	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	gripping	grip	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obj	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	read	read	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grip** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | past | It | such gripping book |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **read** | past | I | such gripping book |  |  | night |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent that=Recipient it=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The film had a gripping ending.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gripping:x2:1
# text = The film had a gripping ending.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	gripping	grip	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	ending	ending	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the film | a gripping ending |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ending=Patient |
| 2 | **grip** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was gripping the rope tightly as she climbed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gripping:x3:1
# text = She was gripping the rope tightly as she climbed.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	gripping	grip	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rope	rope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	tightly	tightly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	climbed	climb	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grip** | past · progressive | She | the rope |  |  |  |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rope=Experiencer |
| 2 | **climb** | past | she |  |  |  |  | tightly *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep gripping the handlebars when you ride downhill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gripping:x4:1
# text = Keep gripping the handlebars when you ride downhill.
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	gripping	grip	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	handlebars	handlebar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	7	mark	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	ride	ride	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
8	downhill	downhill	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **grip** | gerund | you *not said here* | the handlebars |  |  |  |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent handlebar=Experiencer |
| 3 | **ride** | present | you |  |  |  |  | downhill *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The football match was gripping right to the last minute.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gripping:x5:1
# text = The football match was gripping right to the last minute.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	gripping	grip	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	right	right	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	minute	minute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grip** | past · progressive | the football match |  |  |  | minute |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He told a gripping story about a shipwreck.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gripping:x6:1
# text = He told a gripping story about a shipwreck.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	gripping	grip	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	shipwreck	shipwreck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | He | a gripping story |  |  |  | about a shipwreck | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent story=Recipient about shipwreck=Topic |
| 2 | **grip** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The baby was gripping my finger.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gripping:x7:1
# text = The baby was gripping my finger.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	gripping	grip	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	finger	finger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grip** | past · progressive | the baby | my finger |  |  |  |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finger=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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