---
title: gritty — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «gritty» in the school dictionary: Gritty means full of tiny hard bits like sand or small stones. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# gritty

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Gritty, gritty person, things, gritty story, spinach, path · **What happens:** mean, be, not give up, show, not wash, give · **To what, where:** life, spinach, gritty performance, end, gritty story, poor town

<!-- .vabout -->
«gritty» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [gritty in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/gritty.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gritty means full of tiny hard bits like sand or small stones.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gritty:m1:1
# text = Gritty means full of tiny hard bits like sand or small stones.
1	Gritty	gritty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	bits	bit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Gritty |  |  |  |  | full *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A gritty person is brave and determined and does not give up when things are hard.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gritty:m2:1
# text = A gritty person is brave and determined and does not give up when things are hard.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	gritty	gritty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	brave	brave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	determined	determined	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
12	up	up	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	16	advmod	_	_
14	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
15	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a gritty person |  |  |  |  | brave *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | a gritty person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **give up** | present · do-support | a gritty person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | things |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A gritty story or film shows life in a hard, realistic way, including poverty, crime or difficult times.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gritty:m3:1
# text = A gritty story or film shows life in a hard, realistic way, including poverty, crime or difficult times.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	gritty	gritty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
10	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	realistic	realistic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	including	including	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	poverty	poverty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	crime	crime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	difficult	difficult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | a gritty story or film | life |  |  |  | in a hard realistic way | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent life=Patient in way=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The spinach was gritty because it wasn't washed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gritty:x1:1
# text = The spinach was gritty because it wasn't washed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spinach	spinach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	gritty	gritty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	washed	wash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the spinach |  |  |  |  | gritty *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **wash** | past · passive |  | spinach |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The path was gritty with sand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gritty:x2:1
# text = The path was gritty with sand.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	gritty	gritty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the path |  |  |  |  | with sand; gritty *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The team gave a gritty performance and won in the end.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gritty:x3:1
# text = The team gave a gritty performance and won in the end.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	gritty	gritty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	performance	performance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the team | a gritty performance |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent performance=Theme |
| 2 | **win** | past | the team *not said here* |  |  |  | in the end |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V PP.eventuality S\_ING»: agent=Agent in end=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is gritty and never gives up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gritty:x4:1
# text = She is gritty and never gives up.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	gritty	gritty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | She |  |  |  |  | gritty *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **give up** | present | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The film is a gritty story about life in a poor town.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gritty:x5:1
# text = The film is a gritty story about life in a poor town.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	gritty	gritty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the film | a gritty story |  | a poor town |  | about life | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My shoes felt gritty after the beach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gritty:x6:1
# text = My shoes felt gritty after the beach.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	gritty	gritty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | My shoes |  |  |  | after the beach | gritty *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gritty determination helped him finish the race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gritty:x7:1
# text = Gritty determination helped him finish the race.
1	Gritty	gritty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	determination	determination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	finish	finish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | Gritty determination | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **finish** | infinitive | him *= he* *not said here* | the race |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality race=Eventuality |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rub the gritty paper on the wood to make it smooth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gritty:x8:1
# text = Rub the gritty paper on the wood to make it smooth.
1	Rub	rub	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	gritty	gritty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	smooth	smooth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rub** | imperative | you *not said here* | the gritty paper |  | the wood |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent paper=Theme on wood=Destination |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | paper |  |  |  | smooth *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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