---
title: grubby — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «grubby» in the school dictionary: Rather dirty, usually from mud, sweat or touching things. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# grubby

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**Who acts:** you, school shirt, library book, grubbiest kid, car, It · **What happens:** touch, wash, eat, be, have, score · **To what, where:** things, grubby hands, grubby fingerprints, it, winning goal, grubby trick

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«grubby» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [grubby in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/grubby.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rather dirty, usually from mud, sweat or touching things.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grubby:m1:1
# text = Rather dirty, usually from mud, sweat or touching things.
1	Rather	rather	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	dirty	dirty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	sweat	sweat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	touching	touch	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	conj	_	_
11	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **touch** | gerund |  | things |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme thing=Co-Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not quite honest or decent: a grubby little trick.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grubby:m2:1
# text = Not quite honest or decent: a grubby little trick.
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
2	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	decent	decent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	grubby	grubby	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	trick	trick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wash your grubby hands before you eat!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grubby:x1:1
# text = Wash your grubby hands before you eat!
1	Wash	wash	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	grubby	grubby	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wash** | imperative | you *not said here* | your grubby hands |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 2 | **eat** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His school shirt was grubby after playtime.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grubby:x2:1
# text = His school shirt was grubby after playtime.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	shirt	shirt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	grubby	grubby	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	playtime	playtime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | His school shirt |  |  |  | after playtime | grubby *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The library book had grubby fingerprints on it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grubby:x3:1
# text = The library book had grubby fingerprints on it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	grubby	grubby	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	fingerprints	fingerprint	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the library book | grubby fingerprints |  | it |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fingerprint=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The grubbiest kid on the team scored the winning goal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grubby:x4:1
# text = The grubbiest kid on the team scored the winning goal.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	grubbiest	grubby	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
3	kid	kid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	scored	score	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	winning	win	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	amod	_	_
10	goal	goal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **score** | past | the grubbiest kid on the team | the winning goal |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goal=Theme |
| 2 | **win** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The car was grubby after the muddy road.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grubby:x5:1
# text = The car was grubby after the muddy road.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	grubby	grubby	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	muddy	muddy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the car |  |  |  | after the muddy road | grubby *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was a grubby trick to cheat in the quiz.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:grubby:x6:1
# text = It was a grubby trick to cheat in the quiz.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	grubby	grubby	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	trick	trick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	cheat	cheat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	quiz	quiz	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | a grubby trick |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cheat** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the quiz |  |  | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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