---
title: gulch — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «gulch» in the school dictionary: A gulch is a deep, narrow valley cut out by running water, found especially in the American west. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# gulch

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**Who acts:** gulch, outlaws, riders, We · **What happens:** be, cut out, run, find, hide, go down · **To what, where:** deep narrow valley, American west, gulch, old gulch

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«gulch» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [gulch in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/gulch.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A gulch is a deep, narrow valley cut out by running water, found especially in the American west.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gulch:m1:1
# text = A gulch is a deep, narrow valley cut out by running water, found especially in the American west.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gulch	gulch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	narrow	narrow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	amod	_	_
13	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
16	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	west	west	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a gulch | a deep narrow valley |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cut out** | participle |  | a deep narrow valley *not said here* |  |  |  | by running water | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **run** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **find** | past | a gulch *not said here* |  |  | the American west |  | especially *property* | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The outlaws hid in the gulch until dark.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gulch:x1:1
# text = The outlaws hid in the gulch until dark.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	outlaws	outlaw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	gulch	gulch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	until	until	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	dark	dark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** | past | the outlaws |  |  | the gulch | until dark |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in gulch=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The riders went down into the gulch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gulch:x2:1
# text = The riders went down into the gulch.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	riders	rider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	gulch	gulch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go down** | past | the riders |  |  | the gulch |  | down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We will meet at the old gulch at noon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gulch:x3:1
# text = We will meet at the old gulch at noon.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	meet	meet	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	gulch	gulch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	noon	noon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meet** | future | We |  |  | the old gulch | noon |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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