---
title: gunman — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «gunman» in the school dictionary: A man who uses a gun to hurt people or commit a crime. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# gunman

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** man, Police, gunman, cowboy, news · **What happens:** use, hurt, commit, arrest, run away, come · **To what, where:** gun, people, crime, gunman, Nobody, mask · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«gunman» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [gunman in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/gunman.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A man who uses a gun to hurt people or commit a crime.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gunman:m1:1
# text = A man who uses a gun to hurt people or commit a crime.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	gun	gun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	hurt	hurt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	commit	commit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	crime	crime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | a man | a gun |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gun=Patient |
| 2 | **hurt** | to-infinitive | a man *not said here* | people |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer people=Patient |
| 3 | **commit** | infinitive | a man *not said here* | a crime |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crime=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Police arrested the gunman after the robbery.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gunman:x1:1
# text = Police arrested the gunman after the robbery.
1	Police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	arrested	arrest	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	gunman	gunman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	robbery	robbery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrest** | past | Police | the gunman |  |  | after the robbery |  | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gunman=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The gunman ran away before the police came.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gunman:x2:1
# text = The gunman ran away before the police came.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gunman	gunman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	away	away	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run away** | past | the gunman |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **come** | past | the police |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the film, the cowboy faced the gunman.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gunman:x3:1
# text = In the film, the cowboy faced the gunman.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cowboy	cowboy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	faced	face	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	gunman	gunman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **face** | past | the cowboy | the gunman |  |  |  | in the film | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent gunman=Destination in film=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The news said a gunman had held up the bank.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gunman:x4:1
# text = The news said a gunman had held up the bank.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	gunman	gunman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the news |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **hold up** | past · perfect · passive |  | a gunman |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nobody was hurt, and the gunman was caught.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gunman:x5:1
# text = Nobody was hurt, and the gunman was caught.
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	gunman	gunman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	caught	catch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hurt** | past · passive |  | Nobody |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **catch** | past · passive |  | the gunman |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The gunman wore a mask.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gunman:x6:1
# text = The gunman wore a mask.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gunman	gunman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	mask	mask	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | the gunman | a mask |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent mask=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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