---
title: gusty — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «gusty» in the school dictionary: Gusty weather has wind that blows in sudden strong bursts, then drops, then blows hard again. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# gusty

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Gusty weather, wind, Gusty, It, gusty day, Gusty winds · **What happens:** have, blow, drop, describe, burst, be · **To what, where:** wind, sudden strong bursts, sudden loud burst, laughter, gusty day, bins · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«gusty» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [gusty in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/gusty.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gusty weather has wind that blows in sudden strong bursts, then drops, then blows hard again.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gusty:m1:1
# text = Gusty weather has wind that blows in sudden strong bursts, then drops, then blows hard again.
1	Gusty	gusty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	blows	blow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	bursts	burst	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	_
13	drops	drop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	16	advmod	_	_
16	blows	blow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
17	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	16	advmod	_	_
18	again	again	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Gusty weather | wind |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wind=Patient |
| 2 | **blow** | present | wind |  |  | sudden strong bursts |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **drop** | present | Gusty weather *not said here* |  |  |  | then |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **blow** | present | Gusty weather *not said here* |  |  |  | then; again | hard *property* | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: rare — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gusty can describe a sudden loud burst of laughter, a sigh or a feeling.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gusty:m2:1
# text = Gusty can describe a sudden loud burst of laughter, a sigh or a feeling.
1	Gusty	Gusty	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	describe	describe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	burst	burst	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	laughter	laughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	sigh	sigh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | can | Gusty | a sudden loud burst of laughter and a sigh or a feeling |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent burst=Theme |
| 2 | **burst** |  |  | laughter |  |  |  |  | nom burst «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's a gusty day, so hold on to your umbrella.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gusty:x1:1
# text = It's a gusty day, so hold on to your umbrella.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	gusty	gusty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	umbrella	umbrella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a gusty day |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold on** | infinitive | a gusty day *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to your umbrella | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gusty winds blew the bins over in the night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gusty:x2:1
# text = Gusty winds blew the bins over in the night.
1	Gusty	gusty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	blew	blow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bins	bin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	over	over	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow over** | past | Gusty winds | the bins |  |  | night | over *property* | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent bin=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The forecast says gusty showers this afternoon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gusty:x3:1
# text = The forecast says gusty showers this afternoon.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	forecast	forecast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	gusty	gusty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	showers	shower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	afternoon	afternoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the forecast | gusty showers |  |  | afternoon |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent shower=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Flying a kite is fun on a gusty afternoon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gusty:x4:1
# text = Flying a kite is fun on a gusty afternoon.
1	Flying	fly	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	kite	kite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	fun	fun	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	gusty	gusty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	afternoon	afternoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | gerund |  | a kite |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location kite=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | Flying |  |  |  | afternoon | fun *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ferry was cancelled because of gusty conditions.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gusty:x5:1
# text = The ferry was cancelled because of gusty conditions.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ferry	ferry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	cancelled	cancel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	8	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	fixed	_	_
7	gusty	gusty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	conditions	condition	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cancel** | past · passive |  | the ferry |  |  |  | because gusty conditions | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A gusty breeze rattled the windows.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gusty:x6:1
# text = A gusty breeze rattled the windows.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	gusty	gusty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	breeze	breeze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	rattled	rattle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	windows	window	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rattle** | past | a gusty breeze | the windows |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent window=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On gusty days, the teacher doesn't let us use the climbing frame.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:gusty:x7:1
# text = On gusty days, the teacher doesn't let us use the climbing frame.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	gusty	gusty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	climbing	climbing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	frame	frame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **let** | present · do-support | the teacher | us |  |  | day |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | infinitive | us *not said here* | the climbing frame |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent frame=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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