---
title: habitually — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «habitually» in the school dictionary: Habitually means doing something regularly, as a habit, again and again. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# habitually

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**Who acts:** that, He, She, cat, People, shop · **What happens:** mean, do, be, read, sleep, skip · **To what, where:** something, sofa, breakfast

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«habitually» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [habitually in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/habitually.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Habitually means doing something regularly, as a habit, again and again.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:habitually:m1:1
# text = Habitually means doing something regularly, as a habit, again and again.
1	Habitually	habitually	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	doing	do	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	regularly	regularly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	habit	habit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	again	again	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	again	again	ADV	RB	_	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | habitually *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** *not said to happen* | gerund |  | something |  |  | again | as a habit; regularly *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Usually or always, because that is how someone normally behaves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:habitually:m2:1
# text = Usually or always, because that is how someone normally behaves.
1	Usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
8	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
9	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	nsubj	_	_
10	normally	normally	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	behaves	behave	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | that |  |  |  |  | behave, normally *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is habitually late for school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:habitually:x1:1
# text = He is habitually late for school.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	habitually	habitually	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | for school; habitually, late *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She habitually reads before bed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:habitually:x2:1
# text = She habitually reads before bed.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	habitually	habitually	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	reads	read	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	before	before	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | present | She |  |  |  | before bed | habitually *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat habitually sleeps on the sofa.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:habitually:x3:1
# text = The cat habitually sleeps on the sofa.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	habitually	habitually	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	sleeps	sleep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sofa	sofa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleep** | present | the cat |  |  | the sofa |  | habitually *property* | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People who habitually skip breakfast may feel tired.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:habitually:x4:1
# text = People who habitually skip breakfast may feel tired.
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
2	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
3	habitually	habitually	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	skip	skip	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
5	breakfast	breakfast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skip** | present | People | breakfast |  |  |  | habitually *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breakfast=Agent |
| 2 | **feel** | may | People |  |  |  |  | tired *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shop is habitually busy on Saturdays.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:habitually:x5:1
# text = The shop is habitually busy on Saturdays.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	habitually	habitually	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	busy	busy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Saturdays	Saturday	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the shop |  |  |  | saturday | busy, habitually *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa habitually whistles while he works.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:habitually:x6:1
# text = Grandpa habitually whistles while he works.
1	Grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	habitually	habitually	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	whistles	whistle	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **whistle** | present | Grandpa |  |  |  |  | habitually *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **work** | present | Grandpa |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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