---
title: haiku — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «haiku» in the school dictionary: A haiku is a very short poem that comes from Japan, usually with three lines. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# haiku

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** haiku, short poem, We, you, frog, poet · **What happens:** be, come, have, paint, write, count · **To what, where:** short poem, Japan, 5 syllables, English lessons, haiku, three lines

<!-- .vabout -->
«haiku» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [haiku in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/haiku.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A haiku is a very short poem that comes from Japan, usually with three lines.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:haiku:m1:1
# text = A haiku is a very short poem that comes from Japan, usually with three lines.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	haiku	haiku	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a haiku | a short poem |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** | present | a short poem |  |  | Japan |  | with three lines | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from japan=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In English lessons, a haiku often has 5 syllables in the first line, 7 in the second and 5 in the third, 17 syllables in all.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:haiku:m2:1
# text = In English lessons, a haiku often has 5 syllables in the first line, 7 in the second and 5 in the third, 17 syllables in all.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	lessons	lesson	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	haiku	haiku	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	often	often	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	syllables	syllable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	14	amod	_	_
14	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	conj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	second	second	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	conj	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	17	17	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	27	nummod	_	_
27	syllables	syllable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a haiku | 5 syllables and 17 syllables in all |  | English lessons |  | in the first line; often *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent syllable=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A haiku usually paints one small moment, often about nature or a season.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:haiku:m3:1
# text = A haiku usually paints one small moment, often about nature or a season.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	haiku	haiku	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	paints	paint	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	often	often	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	about	about	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | present | a haiku |  |  |  | moment | about nature or a season; usually *property* | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent about nature=Destination |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We wrote a haiku about the first snow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:haiku:x1:1
# text = We wrote a haiku about the first snow.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	haiku	haiku	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	amod	_	_
8	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | We | a haiku |  |  |  | about the first snow | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent haiku=Recipient about snow=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A haiku has three lines and seventeen syllables.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:haiku:x2:1
# text = A haiku has three lines and seventeen syllables.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	haiku	haiku	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	seventeen	seventeen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	syllables	syllable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a haiku | three lines and seventeen syllables |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent line=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Count the syllables on your fingers to check your haiku.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:haiku:x3:1
# text = Count the syllables on your fingers to check your haiku.
1	Count	count	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	syllables	syllable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	check	check	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	haiku	haiku	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **count** | imperative | you *not said here* | the syllables |  | your fingers |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent syllable=Theme |
| 2 | **check** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | your haiku |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent haiku=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her haiku was about a frog jumping into a pond.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:haiku:x4:1
# text = Her haiku was about a frog jumping into a pond.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	haiku	haiku	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	about	about	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	jumping	jump	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Her haiku | a frog |  |  |  | about *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **jump** | gerund | a frog *not said here* |  |  |  |  | into a pond *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into pond=Result |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Haiku come from Japan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:haiku:x5:1
# text = Haiku come from Japan.
1	Haiku	haiku	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Haiku |  |  | Japan |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from japan=Initial\_Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The poet wrote a haiku for every season.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:haiku:x6:1
# text = The poet wrote a haiku for every season.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	poet	poet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	haiku	haiku	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | the poet | a haiku |  |  | season |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent haiku=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My haiku: "Red leaves drift and fall / the wind carries them away / the tree stands alone."

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:haiku:x7:1
# text = My haiku: "Red leaves drift and fall / the wind carries them away / the tree stands alone."
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	haiku	haiku	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	compound	_	_
7	drift	drift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	fall	fall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	/	/	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	carries	carry	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	away	away	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
16	/	/	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
20	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry away** *in a quote* | present | the wind | drift |  |  |  | away *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 2 | **stand** *in a quote* | present | the tree |  |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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