---
title: halitosis — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «halitosis» in the school dictionary: Halitosis is the medical word for bad breath — breath that smells unpleasant. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# halitosis

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**Who acts:** Halitosis, breath, Brushing, dentist, Garlic, advert · **What happens:** be, smell, mean, brush, help, stop · **To what, where:** medical word, bad breath, teeth, halitosis, bad tooth, term halitosis · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«halitosis» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [halitosis in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/halitosis.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Halitosis is the medical word for bad breath — breath that smells unpleasant.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:halitosis:m1:1
# text = Halitosis is the medical word for bad breath — breath that smells unpleasant.
1	Halitosis	halitosis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	medical	medical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
10	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	smells	smell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	unpleasant	unpleasant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Halitosis | the medical word and breath |  |  |  | for bad breath | tree rules |
| 2 | **smell** | present | breath |  |  |  |  | unpleasant *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Halitosis means bad breath.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:halitosis:x1:1
# text = Halitosis means bad breath.
1	Halitosis	halitosis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Halitosis | bad breath |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Brushing your teeth twice a day helps stop halitosis.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:halitosis:x2:1
# text = Brushing your teeth twice a day helps stop halitosis.
1	Brushing	brush	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	csubj	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	twice	twice	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	1	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
9	halitosis	halitosis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **brush** | gerund |  | your teeth |  |  | day | twice *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tooth=Theme |
| 2 | **help** | present | Brushing |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **stop** | infinitive | Brushing *not said here* | halitosis |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality halitosis=Eventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dentist said his halitosis came from a bad tooth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:halitosis:x3:1
# text = The dentist said his halitosis came from a bad tooth.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dentist	dentist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	halitosis	halitosis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	tooth	tooth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the dentist |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **come** | past | dentist's halitosis |  |  | a bad tooth |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from tooth=Initial\_Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Garlic and onions can cause short-term halitosis.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:halitosis:x4:1
# text = Garlic and onions can cause short-term halitosis.
1	Garlic	garlic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	onions	onion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	term	term	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	halitosis	halitosis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | can | Garlic and onions | term halitosis |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition halitosis=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The advert promised to cure halitosis.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:halitosis:x5:1
# text = The advert promised to cure halitosis.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	advert	advert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	promised	promise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	cure	cure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	halitosis	halitosis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promise** *speech: promise* | past | the advert |  |  |  |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **cure** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the advert *not said here* | halitosis |  |  |  |  | vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer halitosis=Source |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dogs can get halitosis too, so vets check their teeth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:halitosis:x6:1
# text = Dogs can get halitosis too, so vets check their teeth.
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	halitosis	halitosis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	too	too	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	vets	vet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	check	check	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | can | Dogs | halitosis |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer halitosis=Stimulus |
| 2 | **check** | present | vets | vets's teeth |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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