---
title: ham — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ham» in the school dictionary: Meat from the back leg of a pig, usually salted or smoked, often sliced for sandwiches. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ham

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Meat, actor, Radio, I, We, little brother · **What happens:** salt, smoke, slice, act, show off, exaggerate · **To what, where:** silly dramatic way, exaggerated way, ham, big ham, Christmas, two slices

<!-- .vabout -->
«ham» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ham in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ham.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Meat from the back leg of a pig, usually salted or smoked, often sliced for sandwiches.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ham:m1:1
# text = Meat from the back leg of a pig, usually salted or smoked, often sliced for sandwiches.
1	Meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	leg	leg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pig	pig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	salted	salt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	smoked	smoke	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	often	often	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	sliced	slice	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	sandwiches	sandwich	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **salt** | participle | Meat from the back leg of a pig |  |  |  |  | usually *property* | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **smoke** | participle | Meat from the back leg of a pig *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **slice** | participle | Meat from the back leg of a pig *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for sandwiches; often *property* | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An actor who acts in a silly, too-dramatic way.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ham:m2:1
# text = An actor who acts in a silly, too-dramatic way.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	actor	actor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	acts	act	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
7	silly	silly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	too	too	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	dramatic	dramatic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **act** | present | a actor |  |  | a silly dramatic way |  |  | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: ham it up — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To act or show off in an exaggerated way.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ham:m3:1
# text = To act or show off in an exaggerated way.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	act	act	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	show	show	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	exaggerated	exaggerate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **act** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **show off** | infinitive |  |  |  | a exaggerated way |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **exaggerate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: ham radio — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Radio sent and received by amateurs as a hobby.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ham:m4:1
# text = Radio sent and received by amateurs as a hobby.
1	Radio	Radio	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	received	receive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	amateurs	amateur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hobby	hobby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | Radio |  |  |  |  | by amateurs; as a hobby | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **receive** | participle | Radio *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I had a ham and cheese sandwich for lunch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ham:x1:1
# text = I had a ham and cheese sandwich for lunch.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ham	ham	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	lunch	lunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | I | a ham and cheese sandwich for lunch |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ham=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We eat a big ham at Christmas.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ham:x2:1
# text = We eat a big ham at Christmas.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	ham	ham	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Christmas	Christmas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | We | a big ham |  | Christmas |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ham=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Could I have two slices of ham, please?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ham:x3:1
# text = Could I have two slices of ham, please?
1	Could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	slices	slice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	ham	ham	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
9	please	please	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | could | I | two slices of ham |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slice=Patient |
| 2 | **slice** |  |  | ham |  |  |  |  | nom slice «possession transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My little brother is a real ham in front of the camera.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ham:x4:1
# text = My little brother is a real ham in front of the camera.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	ham	ham	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	camera	camera	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My little brother | a real ham |  | front of the camera |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The actor hammed it up and everyone laughed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ham:x5:1
# text = The actor hammed it up and everyone laughed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	actor	actor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hammed	ham	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	8	nsubj	_	_
8	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ham up** | past | the actor | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **laugh** | past | everyone |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep the ham in the fridge so it stays safe to eat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ham:x6:1
# text = Keep the ham in the fridge so it stays safe to eat.
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	ham	ham	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fridge	fridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	stays	stay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
10	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* | the ham |  | the fridge |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent ham=Theme in fridge=Location |
| 2 | **stay** | present | ham |  |  |  |  | safe *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **eat** | to-infinitive | ham *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa talks to people all over the world on his ham radio.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ham:x7:1
# text = Grandpa talks to people all over the world on his ham radio.
1	Grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	talks	talk	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	all	all	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	ham	ham	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	radio	radio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | present | Grandpa |  |  | the world |  | to people; on Grandpa's ham radio | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to people=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **radio** |  | Grandpa |  |  |  |  |  | nom radio «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was placed in the provision basket with ham and cheese and sausages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ham:x8:1
# text = It was placed in the provision basket with ham and cheese and sausages.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	placed	place	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	provision	provision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	basket	basket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	ham	ham	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	sausages	sausage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **place** | past · passive |  | It |  | the provision basket with ham and cheese and sausages |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in basket=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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