---
title: hamburger — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hamburger» in the school dictionary: A hamburger is a flat round cake of minced beef, fried or grilled and served in a bread bun, often with salad, cheese and sauce. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hamburger

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** hamburger, I, Dad, three, vegetarian friend, USA · **What happens:** be, mince, fry, grill, serve, mean · **To what, where:** flat round cake, minced beef, Hamburger, hamburgers, barbecue, veggie burger

<!-- .vabout -->
«hamburger» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hamburger in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hamburger.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hamburger is a flat round cake of minced beef, fried or grilled and served in a bread bun, often with salad, cheese and sauce.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hamburger:m1:1
# text = A hamburger is a flat round cake of minced beef, fried or grilled and served in a bread bun, often with salad, cheese and sauce.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hamburger	hamburger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	minced	mince	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	beef	beef	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	fried	fry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	parataxis	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	grilled	grill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	served	serve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	bun	bun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	often	often	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	salad	salad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	sauce	sauce	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a hamburger | a flat round cake |  |  |  | of minced beef | tree rules |
| 2 | **mince** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **fry** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **grill** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **serve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | with salad and cheese and sauce; in a bread bun | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent in bun=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: USA — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hamburger can also mean the minced beef itself, before it is cooked.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hamburger:m2:1
# text = Hamburger can also mean the minced beef itself, before it is cooked.
1	Hamburger	hamburger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	minced	mince	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	beef	beef	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	7	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	cooked	cook	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Hamburger | the minced beef  Hamburger |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mince** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **cook** | present · passive |  | Hamburger |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can I have a hamburger with cheese, please?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hamburger:x1:1
# text = Can I have a hamburger with cheese, please?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hamburger	hamburger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
9	please	please	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | can | I | a hamburger |  |  |  | with cheese | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hamburger=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad grilled hamburgers at the barbecue.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hamburger:x2:1
# text = Dad grilled hamburgers at the barbecue.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grilled	grill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	hamburgers	hamburger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	barbecue	barbecue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grill** | past | Dad | hamburgers |  | the barbecue |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hamburger=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hamburger costs £3, so three cost £9.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hamburger:x3:1
# text = A hamburger costs £3, so three cost £9.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hamburger	hamburger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	£	£	SYM	$	_	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nsubj	_	_
9	cost	cost	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
10	£	£	SYM	$	_	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | a hamburger |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme £=Value |
| 2 | **cost** | present | three |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme £=Value |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My vegetarian friend had a veggie burger instead of a hamburger.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hamburger:x4:1
# text = My vegetarian friend had a veggie burger instead of a hamburger.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	vegetarian	vegetarian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	veggie	veggie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	burger	burger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADP	11	case	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	hamburger	hamburger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | My vegetarian friend | a veggie burger |  |  |  | instead a hamburger | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent burger=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hamburger came with chips and ketchup.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hamburger:x5:1
# text = The hamburger came with chips and ketchup.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hamburger	hamburger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	chips	chip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	ketchup	ketchup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the hamburger |  |  |  |  | with chips and ketchup | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(USA) Mom bought two pounds of hamburger at the store.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hamburger:x6:1
# text = (USA) Mom bought two pounds of hamburger at the store.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Mom	Mom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
5	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	pounds	pound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	hamburger	hamburger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	store	store	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | USA | two pounds of hamburger |  | the store |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent pound=Theme at store=Asset |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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