---
title: handover — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «handover» in the school dictionary: A handover is the act of passing something, such as a job, power or a place, from one person or group to another. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# handover

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** handover, act, meeting, they, next worker, relay race · **What happens:** be, pass, tell, need, know, call · **To what, where:** act, something, next worker, nurses, end, baton · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«handover» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [handover in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/handover.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A handover is the act of passing something, such as a job, power or a place, from one person or group to another.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:handover:m1:1
# text = A handover is the act of passing something, such as a job, power or a place, from one person or group to another.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	handover	handover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	passing	pass	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	nummod	_	_
22	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a handover | the act and one person to another or group |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | gerund | the act and one person to another or group *not said here* | something |  |  |  | such a job and power or a place | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme something=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: work — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A meeting where a worker tells the next worker what they need to know, such as nurses at the end of a shift.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:handover:m2:1
# text = A meeting where a worker tells the next worker what they need to know, such as nurses at the end of a shift.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	meeting	meeting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	6	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	worker	worker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	worker	worker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	12	obj	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	18	case	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	fixed	_	_
18	nurses	nurse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
19	at	at	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	shift	shift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | a meeting | the next worker |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent worker=Recipient |
| 2 | **need** | present | they | the next worker |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **know** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the next worker *not said here* | nurses |  |  | at the end of a shift |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer nurse=Stimulus |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: sport — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Passing the baton in a relay race (more often called the changeover).

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:handover:m3:1
# text = Passing the baton in a relay race (more often called the changeover).
1	Passing	pass	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	baton	baton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	relay	relay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	10	advmod	_	_
10	often	often	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	changeover	changeover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | gerund |  | the baton |  | a relay race |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent baton=Theme in race=Destination |
| 2 | **call** | participle | a relay race *not said here* | the changeover |  |  |  | often *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nurses had a handover at seven o'clock.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:handover:x1:1
# text = The nurses had a handover at seven o'clock.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nurses	nurse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	handover	handover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	o'clock	o'clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the nurses | a handover |  | seven o'clock |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent handover=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The handover of the keys happened at the new house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:handover:x2:1
# text = The handover of the keys happened at the new house.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	handover	handover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	keys	key	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	happened	happen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | past | the handover of the keys |  |  | the new house |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at house=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The new head teacher had a long handover with the old one.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:handover:x3:1
# text = The new head teacher had a long handover with the old one.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	handover	handover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the new head teacher | a long handover |  |  |  | with the old one | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent handover=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our relay team practised the baton handover.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:handover:x4:1
# text = Our relay team practised the baton handover.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	relay	relay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	practised	practise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	baton	baton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	handover	handover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **practise** | past | Our relay team | the baton handover |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The handover of power was peaceful.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:handover:x5:1
# text = The handover of power was peaceful.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	handover	handover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	peaceful	peaceful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the handover of power |  |  |  |  | peaceful *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the handover, the new owners moved in.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:handover:x6:1
# text = After the handover, the new owners moved in.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	handover	handover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	owners	owner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move in** | past | the new owners |  |  |  | after the handover |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher wrote handover notes for the supply teacher.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:handover:x7:1
# text = The teacher wrote handover notes for the supply teacher.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	handover	handover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	notes	note	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	supply	supply	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | the teacher | handover notes |  |  |  | for the supply teacher | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent note=Result for teacher=Beneficiary |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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