---
title: hangman — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hangman» in the school dictionary: A hangman was the man whose job was to put criminals to death by hanging them. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hangman

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**Who acts:** hangman, job, your · **What happens:** be, hang, wait, say, pray · **To what, where:** man, criminals, prayers · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«hangman» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 2 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hangman in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hangman.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

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Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hangman was the man whose job was to put criminals to death by hanging them.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hangman:m1:1
# text = A hangman was the man whose job was to put criminals to death by hanging them.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hangman	hangman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	_
11	criminals	criminal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
15	hanging	hang	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	advcl	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | a hangman | the man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | job |  |  |  |  | to death; put *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **hang** | gerund | job *not said here* | criminals *= criminal* |  |  |  |  | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hangman waited with his rope.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hangman:x1:1
# text = The hangman waited with his rope.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hangman	hangman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	waited	wait	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	rope	rope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | past | the hangman |  |  |  |  | with hangman's rope | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Say your prayers,» said the hangman.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hangman:x2:1
# text = «Say your prayers,» said the hangman.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	prayers	prayer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hangman	hangman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | infinitive |  | your prayers |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent prayer=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the hangman |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **pray** *in a quote* |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom prayer «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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