---
title: hangover — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hangover» in the school dictionary: A hangover is the sick feeling, headache and tiredness a person has the day after drinking too much alcohol. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hangover

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** hangover, person, day, earlier time, Dad, old rule · **What happens:** be, have, drink, leave over, continue, joke · **To what, where:** sick feeling, much alcohol, hangover, headache, water, bed · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«hangover» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hangover in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hangover.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hangover is the sick feeling, headache and tiredness a person has the day after drinking too much alcohol.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hangover:m1:1
# text = A hangover is the sick feeling, headache and tiredness a person has the day after drinking too much alcohol.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hangover	hangover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	sick	sick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	headache	headache	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	tiredness	tiredness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	drinking	drink	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	acl	_	_
18	too	too	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	alcohol	alcohol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a hangover | the sick feeling and headache and tiredness |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | present | a person |  |  |  | day |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **drink** | gerund | the day *not said here* | much alcohol |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alcohol=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Something left over from an earlier time that still continues: «a hangover from the old days».

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hangover:m2:1
# text = Something left over from an earlier time that still continues: «a hangover from the old days».
1	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
2	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	over	over	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	earlier	early	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
9	still	still	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	continues	continue	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	hangover	hangover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave over** | participle |  |  |  |  | time | over *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **continue** | present | a earlier time |  |  |  | still |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad joked he had a hangover after the party.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hangover:x1:1
# text = Dad joked he had a hangover after the party.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	joked	joke	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hangover	hangover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **joke** *speech: other* | past | Dad |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | past | Dad | a hangover |  |  | after the party |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hangover=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hangover can cause a headache and thirst.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hangover:x2:1
# text = A hangover can cause a headache and thirst.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hangover	hangover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	headache	headache	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	thirst	thirst	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | can | a hangover | a headache and thirst |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition headache=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old rule is a hangover from long ago.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hangover:x3:1
# text = The old rule is a hangover from long ago.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hangover	hangover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
9	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the old rule | a hangover |  |  |  | ago *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Drink water to avoid feeling bad the next day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hangover:x4:1
# text = Drink water to avoid feeling bad the next day.
1	Drink	drink	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	avoid	avoid	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
5	feeling	feel	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drink** | imperative | you *not said here* | water |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |
| 2 | **avoid** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **feel** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  | day | bad *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He stayed in bed with a hangover.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hangover:x5:1
# text = He stayed in bed with a hangover.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hangover	hangover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | He |  |  | bed |  | with a hangover | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in bed=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This uniform rule is a hangover from the past.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hangover:x6:1
# text = This uniform rule is a hangover from the past.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	uniform	uniform	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hangover	hangover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	past	past	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | this uniform rule | a hangover |  | the past |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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