---
title: hani — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hani» in the school dictionary: The Hani are a people of southern China (Yunnan), Vietnam, Laos and Myanmar; their language is also called Hani. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hani

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Hani, people, It, Hani rice terraces, Hani people, We · **What happens:** be, call, use, not be, climb up, farm · **To what, where:** people, language, first name, Arabic, ordinary English word, mountains · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«hani» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hani in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hani.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Hani are a people of southern China (Yunnan), Vietnam, Laos and Myanmar; their language is also called Hani.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hani:m1:1
# text = The Hani are a people of southern China (Yunnan), Vietnam, Laos and Myanmar; their language is also called Hani.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Hani	Hani	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	southern	southern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Yunnan	Yunnan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	Vietnam	Vietnam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	Laos	Laos	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	Myanmar	Myanmar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
19	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
22	also	also	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
24	Hani	Hani	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Hani | a people |  |  |  | of southern China and Vietnam and Laos and Myanmar | tree rules |
| 2 | **call** | present · passive | a people *not said here* | China's language |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hani is a first name used in Arabic and some other languages, and a surname.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hani:m2:1
# text = Hani is a first name used in Arabic and some other languages, and a surname.
1	Hani	hani	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	amod	_	_
5	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Arabic	Arabic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
11	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	surname	surname	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Hani | a first name and a surname |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | a first name and a surname *not said here* |  | Arabic and some other languages |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is not an ordinary English word.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hani:m3:1
# text = It is not an ordinary English word.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | present | It | a ordinary English word |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Hani rice terraces climb up the mountains like giant steps.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hani:x1:1
# text = The Hani rice terraces climb up the mountains like giant steps.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	Hani	Hani	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
3	rice	rice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	terraces	terrace	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	climb	climb	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **climb up** | present | the Hani rice terraces | the mountains |  |  |  | like giant steps | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location mountain=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Hani people have farmed these hills for centuries.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hani:x2:1
# text = The Hani people have farmed these hills for centuries.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Hani	Hani	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	farmed	farm	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	centuries	century	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **farm** | present · perfect | the Hani people | this hills |  |  | century |  | vn rear-26.2.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hill=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hani is a language spoken in China and Vietnam.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hani:x3:1
# text = Hani is a language spoken in China and Vietnam.
1	Hani	hani	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Vietnam	Vietnam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Hani | a language |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | participle |  | a language *not said here* |  | China and Vietnam |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hani is in Year 5 at our school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hani:x4:1
# text = Hani is in Year 5 at our school.
1	Hani	hani	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Year	Year	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	flat	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Hani |  |  | our school | in Year |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We saw photos of the Hani terraces filled with water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hani:x5:1
# text = We saw photos of the Hani terraces filled with water.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	photos	photo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Hani	Hani	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	terraces	terrace	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
8	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | We | photos of the Hani terraces |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer photo=Stimulus |
| 2 | **fill** | participle |  | the Hani terraces *not said here* |  |  |  | with water | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with water=Instrument |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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