---
title: hanukkah — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hanukkah» in the school dictionary: A Jewish festival of lights that lasts eight days and nights in the winter, remembering how the Temple in Jerusalem was won back and made holy again, and the oil that burned for eight days. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hanukkah

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Jewish festival, oil, We, friend, Hanukkah, class · **What happens:** last, remember, win back, make, burn, light · **To what, where:** Temple, menorah, Hanukkah, dreidel, potato latkes, eight candles · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«hanukkah» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hanukkah in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hanukkah.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Jewish festival of lights that lasts eight days and nights in the winter, remembering how the Temple in Jerusalem was won back and made holy again, and the oil that burned for eight days.

<!-- fold The tree, 35 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hanukkah:m1:1
# text = A Jewish festival of lights that lasts eight days and nights in the winter, remembering how the Temple in Jerusalem was won back and made holy again, and the oil that burned for eight days.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Jewish	Jewish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	festival	festival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	lasts	last	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
8	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	nights	night	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	remembering	remember	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
17	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	23	advmod	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	Temple	Temple	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	won	win	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	ccomp	_	_
24	back	back	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
27	holy	holy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	xcomp	_	_
28	again	again	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
33	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	34	nsubj	_	_
34	burned	burn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	acl:relcl	_	_
35	for	for	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	37	nummod	_	_
37	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **last** | present | a Jewish festival of lights and the oil |  |  |  | day; winter |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **remember** | gerund | a Jewish festival of lights and the oil *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **win back** | past · passive |  | the Temple in Jerusalem |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 4 | **make** | past |  |  |  |  | again | holy *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 5 | **burn** | past | the oil |  |  |  | day |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We lit the menorah on the first night of Hanukkah.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hanukkah:x1:1
# text = We lit the menorah on the first night of Hanukkah.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lit	light	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	menorah	menorah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	amod	_	_
8	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Hanukkah	Hanukkah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **light** | past | We | the menorah |  |  | night |  | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent menorah=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My friend Sarah celebrates Hanukkah with her family.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hanukkah:x2:1
# text = My friend Sarah celebrates Hanukkah with her family.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	Sarah	Sarah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
4	celebrates	celebrate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	Hanukkah	Hanukkah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **celebrate** | present | My friend | Hanukkah |  |  |  | with friend's family | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hanukkah=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hanukkah lasts for eight nights.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hanukkah:x3:1
# text = Hanukkah lasts for eight nights.
1	Hanukkah	Hanukkah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lasts	last	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	nights	night	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **last** | present | Hanukkah |  |  |  | night |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We played dreidel and ate potato latkes at Hanukkah.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hanukkah:x4:1
# text = We played dreidel and ate potato latkes at Hanukkah.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	played	play	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	dreidel	dreidel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
6	potato	potato	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	latkes	latke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Hanukkah	Hanukkah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | past | We | dreidel |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dreidel=Theme |
| 2 | **eat** | past | We *not said here* | potato latkes |  | Hanukkah |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent latke=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the last night of Hanukkah, all eight candles are lit.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hanukkah:x5:1
# text = On the last night of Hanukkah, all eight candles are lit.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Hanukkah	Hanukkah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
9	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	candles	candle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	lit	lit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lit** | present · passive |  | all eight candles |  |  | night |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Happy Hanukkah!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hanukkah:x6:1
# text = Happy Hanukkah!
1	Happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	Hanukkah	Hanukkah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class learned how Hanukkah and Christmas are different.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hanukkah:x7:1
# text = Our class learned how Hanukkah and Christmas are different.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
5	Hanukkah	Hanukkah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	Christmas	Christmas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | Our class |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | Hanukkah and Christmas |  |  |  |  | different *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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