---
title: harbor — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «harbor» in the school dictionary: A sheltered area of water by the coast where ships and boats can stay safely. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# harbor

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** ships, someone, your, harbor germs, germs, fishing boats · **What happens:** shelter, stay, mean, hide, want, harbor · **To what, where:** them, feeling, mind, germs, harbor, world · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«harbor» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [harbor in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/harbor.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sheltered area of water by the coast where ships and boats can stay safely.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbor:m1:1
# text = A sheltered area of water by the coast where ships and boats can stay safely.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sheltered	shelter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	coast	coast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	14	advmod	_	_
10	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	boats	boat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
13	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl:relcl	_	_
15	safely	safely	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shelter** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **stay** | can | ships and boats |  |  |  |  | safely *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To harbor someone means to hide or shelter them, often someone wanted by the police.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbor:m2:1
# text = To harbor someone means to hide or shelter them, often someone wanted by the police.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	harbor	harbor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	advcl	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	nsubj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	hide	hide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	shelter	shelter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	often	often	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	13	nsubj	_	_
13	wanted	want	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | someone |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **hide** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **shelter** | infinitive | someone *not said here* | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 4 | **want** | past | someone |  |  |  |  | by the police; often *property* | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To harbor a feeling means to keep it in your mind for a long time: harbor a grudge.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbor:m3:1
# text = To harbor a feeling means to keep it in your mind for a long time: harbor a grudge.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	harbor	harbor	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
17	harbor	harbor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	grudge	grudge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **harbor** | to-infinitive |  | a feeling |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **keep** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | feeling |  | your mind | time |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Theme in mind=Location |
| 4 | **mind** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To harbor germs or pests means to let them live and grow there.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbor:m4:1
# text = To harbor germs or pests means to let them live and grow there.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
2	harbor	harbor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	pests	pest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
13	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | harbor germs or pests |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **let** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | germs *= germ* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **live** | infinitive | germs *= germ* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **grow** | infinitive | germs *= germ* *not said here* |  |  | there |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fishing boats came back into the harbor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbor:x1:1
# text = The fishing boats came back into the harbor.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	fishing	fishing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	boats	boat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	back	back	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	harbor	harbor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come back** | past | the fishing boats |  |  | the harbor |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into harbor=Initial\_Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sydney Harbour Bridge is famous around the world.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbor:x2:1
# text = Sydney Harbour Bridge is famous around the world.
1	Sydney	Sydney	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	Harbour	Harbour	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Bridge	Bridge	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	around	around	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Sydney and Harbour Bridge |  |  | the world |  | famous *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The attack on Pearl Harbor brought the USA into the war in 1941.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbor:x3:1
# text = The attack on Pearl Harbor brought the USA into the war in 1941.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	attack	attack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	Pearl	Pearl	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	Harbor	Harbor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	1941	1941	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past | the attack on Pearl Harbor | the USA |  | the war |  | in 1941 | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent usa=Theme into war=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a crime to harbor a criminal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbor:x4:1
# text = It is a crime to harbor a criminal.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	crime	crime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	harbor	harbor	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	criminal	criminal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a crime |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **harbor** | to-infinitive |  | a criminal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She still harbors a grudge against her old friend.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbor:x5:1
# text = She still harbors a grudge against her old friend.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	still	still	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	harbors	harbor	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	grudge	grudge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	against	against	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **harbor** | present | She | a grudge |  |  | still | against her old friend | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dirty sponges can harbor germs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbor:x6:1
# text = Dirty sponges can harbor germs.
1	Dirty	dirty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	sponges	sponge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	harbor	harbor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We watched the ferries leave the harbor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbor:x7:1
# text = We watched the ferries leave the harbor.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	watched	watch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ferries	ferry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	leave	leave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	harbor	harbor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | past | We |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **leave** | present | the ferries | the harbor |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent harbor=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Dolphin then inquired if he knew the Piræus (the famous harbor of Athens).

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbor:x8:1
# text = The Dolphin then inquired if he knew the Piræus (the famous harbor of Athens).
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Dolphin	Dolphin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
4	inquired	inquire	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Piræus	Piræus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	harbor	harbor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Athens	Athens	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **inquire** *speech: other* | past | the Dolphin |  |  |  | then |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **know** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | Dolphin | the Piræus |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer piræus=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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