---
title: harbour — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «harbour» in the school dictionary: A harbour is a place by the sea where boats and ships stay safe from waves and storms. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# harbour

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** harbour, boats, 25 boats, 7 boats, 4 ships, many boats · **What happens:** be, stay, harbour, keep, hide, leave · **To what, where:** place, someone, them, others, feeling, harbour

<!-- .vabout -->
«harbour» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [harbour in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/harbour.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A harbour is a place by the sea where boats and ships stay safe from waves and storms.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbour:m1:1
# text = A harbour is a place by the sea where boats and ships stay safe from waves and storms.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	13	advmod	_	_
10	boats	boat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
13	stay	stay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
14	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	storms	storm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a harbour | a place |  |  |  | by the sea | tree rules |
| 2 | **stay** | present | boats and ships |  |  |  |  | safe *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To harbour someone is to hide or keep them, often someone hiding from others.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbour:m2:1
# text = To harbour someone is to hide or keep them, often someone hiding from others.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	harbour	harbour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	hide	hide	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	often	often	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	obl	_	_
13	hiding	hide	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **harbour** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | hide *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **keep** | infinitive |  | them *= they* |  |  |  | someone *obl* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 4 | **hide** | gerund |  |  |  | others |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent from other=Beneficiary |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To harbour a feeling is to keep it for a long time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbour:m3:1
# text = To harbour a feeling is to keep it for a long time.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	harbour	harbour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **harbour** | to-infinitive |  | a feeling |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  | time | keep *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There are 25 boats in the harbour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbour:x1:1
# text = There are 25 boats in the harbour.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	25	25	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	boats	boat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | 25 boats |  |  | the harbour; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in harbour=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
7 boats left the harbour in the morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbour:x2:1
# text = 7 boats left the harbour in the morning.
1	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	boats	boat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | 7 boats | the harbour |  |  | morning |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent harbour=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
4 ships came into the harbour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbour:x3:1
# text = 4 ships came into the harbour.
1	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | 4 ships |  |  | the harbour |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into harbour=Initial\_Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many boats are in the harbour now?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbour:x4:1
# text = How many boats are in the harbour now?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	boats	boat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | many boats |  |  | the harbour | now |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fishing boats returned to the harbour before the storm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbour:x5:1
# text = The fishing boats returned to the harbour before the storm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	fishing	fishing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	boats	boat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	before	before	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **return** | past | the fishing boats |  |  |  | before the storm | to the harbour *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to harbour=Result |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We walked along the harbour wall and watched the seals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbour:x6:1
# text = We walked along the harbour wall and watched the seals.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	along	along	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	watched	watch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	seals	seal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | We |  |  | the harbour wall |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along wall=Trajectory |
| 2 | **watch** | past | We *not said here* | the seals |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seal=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sydney Harbour has a famous bridge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbour:x7:1
# text = Sydney Harbour has a famous bridge.
1	Sydney	Sydney	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Harbour	Harbour	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Sydney Harbour | a famous bridge |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bridge=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ship stayed in the harbour until the wind calmed down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbour:x8:1
# text = The ship stayed in the harbour until the wind calmed down.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	until	until	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	calmed	calm	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	down	down	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | the ship |  |  | the harbour | until the wind |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in harbour=Location |
| 2 | **calm down** | participle |  | the wind *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The next day the Swallow flew down to the harbour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:harbour:x9:1
# text = The next day the Swallow flew down to the harbour.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Swallow	swallow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	down	down	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly down** | past | the Swallow |  |  |  | day | to the harbour *result*; down *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to harbour=Result |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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