---
title: hat — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hat» in the school dictionary: A hat is something you wear on your head, to keep warm, keep the sun off, or look smart. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hat

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** hat, you, Hats, She, 25 hats, magician · **What happens:** be, wear, keep, keep off, look, mean · **To what, where:** something, head, sun, different hat, different job, them · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«hat» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hat in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hat.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hat is something you wear on your head, to keep warm, keep the sun off, or look smart.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hat:m1:1
# text = A hat is something you wear on your head, to keep warm, keep the sun off, or look smart.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	wear	wear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
13	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	off	off	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
22	smart	smart	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a hat | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **wear** | present | you |  |  | your head |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **keep** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **keep off** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the sun |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sun=Theme |
| 5 | **look** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | smart *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To wear a different hat means to have a different job or role.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hat:m2:1
# text = To wear a different hat means to have a different job or role.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	wear	wear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	csubj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	role	role	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | to-infinitive |  | a different hat |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hat=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **have** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | a different job or role |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Hats off to» someone means well done to them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hat:m3:1
# text = «Hats off to» someone means well done to them.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Hats	hats	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	3	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	vocative	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
9	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	xcomp	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Hats |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** *not said to happen* | participle | Hats *not said here* |  | them *= they* |  |  | well *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each hat costs $8.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hat:x1:1
# text = Each hat costs $8.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	$	$	SYM	$	_	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | each hat |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme $=Value |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She knitted 3 hats a week.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hat:x2:1
# text = She knitted 3 hats a week.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	knitted	knit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	hats	hat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **knit** | past | She | 3 hats |  |  | week |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hat=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There are 25 hats and 20 children.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hat:x3:1
# text = There are 25 hats and 20 children.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	25	25	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	hats	hat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | 25 hats and 20 children |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
6 hats were sold in the morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hat:x4:1
# text = 6 hats were sold in the morning.
1	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	hats	hat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	sold	sell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | past · passive |  | 6 hats |  |  | morning |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put on your sun hat before you go out to play.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hat:x5:1
# text = Put on your sun hat before you go out to play.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
9	out	out	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | your sun hat |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on hat=Destination |
| 2 | **go out** | present | you |  |  |  |  | out *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **play** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The magician pulled a rabbit out of his hat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hat:x6:1
# text = The magician pulled a rabbit out of his hat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	magician	magician	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pulled	pull	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rabbit	rabbit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** | past | the magician | a rabbit |  | magician's hat |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent rabbit=Theme out hat=Initial\_Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We made paper party hats.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hat:x7:1
# text = We made paper party hats.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	hats	hat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | We | party hats |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hat=Product |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wind blew his hat into the river.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hat:x8:1
# text = The wind blew his hat into the river.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	blew	blow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow** | past | the wind | wind's hat |  | the river |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent hat=Material into river=Product |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Builders wear hard hats to protect their heads.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hat:x9:1
# text = Builders wear hard hats to protect their heads.
1	Builders	builder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wear	wear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	hats	hat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	protect	protect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | present | Builders | hard hats |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hat=Theme |
| 2 | **protect** | to-infinitive | Builders *not said here* | Builders's heads |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Beneficiary |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They all whipped off their hats.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hat:x10:1
# text = They all whipped off their hats.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	advmod	_	_
3	whipped	whip	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	hats	hat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **whip off** | past | They | their hats |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent hat=Material |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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