---
title: haughtily — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «haughtily» in the school dictionary: In a proud way, looking down on other people as if they were less important. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# haughtily

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**Who acts:** proud way, people, queen, I, she, He · **What happens:** look down, be, look, not answer, say, toss · **To what, where:** head · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«haughtily» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [haughtily in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/haughtily.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a proud way, looking down on other people as if they were less important.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:haughtily:m1:1
# text = In a proud way, looking down on other people as if they were less important.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	proud	proud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	looking	look	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	down	down	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
11	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
12	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
14	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	16	advmod	_	_
16	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look down** | gerund | a proud way *not said here* |  |  |  |  | on other people; down *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on people=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | people |  |  |  |  | important, less *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The queen looked at the servant haughtily.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:haughtily:x1:1
# text = The queen looked at the servant haughtily.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	haughtily	haughtily	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | the queen |  |  |  |  | at the servant; haughtily *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at servant=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"I shall not answer," she said haughtily.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:haughtily:x2:1
# text = "I shall not answer," she said haughtily.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	answer	answer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
10	haughtily	haughtily	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **answer** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | shall | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | she |  |  |  |  | haughtily *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He tossed his head haughtily and walked away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:haughtily:x3:1
# text = He tossed his head haughtily and walked away.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tossed	toss	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	haughtily	haughtily	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	away	away	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **toss** | past | He | his head |  |  |  | haughtily *property* | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient |
| 2 | **walk away** | past | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn resign-10.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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