---
title: havoc — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «havoc» in the school dictionary: Great damage, mess or destruction caused by something or someone. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# havoc

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**Who acts:** cat, pestilence · **What happens:** cause, make · **To what, where:** destruction, havoc, terrible havoc

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«havoc» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [havoc in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/havoc.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Great damage, mess or destruction caused by something or someone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:havoc:m1:1
# text = Great damage, mess or destruction caused by something or someone.
1	Great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	mess	mess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
7	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obl:agent	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | participle |  | destruction *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat caused havoc among the mice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:havoc:x1:1
# text = The cat caused havoc among the mice.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	havoc	havoc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	among	among	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mice	mouse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | the cat | havoc |  |  |  | among the mice | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition havoc=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The storm wrought havoc on the village.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:havoc:x2:1
# text = The storm wrought havoc on the village.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	wrought	wrought	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	havoc	havoc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pestilence made terrible havoc among the people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:havoc:x3:1
# text = A pestilence made terrible havoc among the people.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pestilence	pestilence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	terrible	terrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	havoc	havoc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	among	among	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle | a pestilence *not said here* | terrible havoc |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset havoc=Product |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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