---
title: headless — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «headless» in the school dictionary: Headless means having no head, like a headless statue or ghost. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# headless

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Headless, Running, headless computer, computer, Headless Horseman, museum · **What happens:** mean, have, run around, rush, think, control · **To what, where:** head, screen, woods, headless Roman statue, snowman, Raja · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«headless» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [headless in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/headless.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Headless means having no head, like a headless statue or ghost.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:headless:m1:1
# text = Headless means having no head, like a headless statue or ghost.
1	Headless	headless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	ccomp	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	headless	headless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	statue	statue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	ghost	ghost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Headless |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** | gerund |  | no head |  |  |  | like a headless statue or ghost | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Running around like a headless chicken means rushing about in panic without thinking.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:headless:m2:1
# text = Running around like a headless chicken means rushing about in panic without thinking.
1	Running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
2	around	around	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	headless	headless	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	chicken	chicken	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	rushing	rush	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	xcomp	_	_
9	about	about	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	panic	panic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	thinking	think	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run around** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | like a headless chicken; around *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present | Running |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **rush** *not said to happen* | gerund | Running *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about panic | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme about panic=Trajectory |
| 4 | **think** *speech: other* | gerund | Running *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: computing — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A headless computer or browser has no screen and is controlled by another computer.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:headless:m3:1
# text = A headless computer or browser has no screen and is controlled by another computer.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	headless	headless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	browser	browser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	8	det	_	_
8	screen	screen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	controlled	control	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	14	det	_	_
14	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a headless computer or browser | no screen |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent screen=Patient |
| 2 | **control** | present · passive | another computer |  |  |  |  |  | vn enforce-63 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Headless Horseman rode through the woods.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:headless:x1:1
# text = The Headless Horseman rode through the woods.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Headless	headless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Horseman	Horseman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	rode	ride	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ride** | past | the Headless Horseman |  |  | the woods |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent through wood=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The museum had a headless Roman statue.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:headless:x2:1
# text = The museum had a headless Roman statue.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	museum	museum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	headless	headless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	Roman	roman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	statue	statue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the museum | a headless Roman statue |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent statue=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My dad ran around like a headless chicken looking for his keys.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:headless:x3:1
# text = My dad ran around like a headless chicken looking for his keys.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	around	around	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	headless	headless	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	chicken	chicken	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	keys	key	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run around** | past | My dad |  |  |  |  | like a headless chicken; around *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **look** | gerund | My dad *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for dad's keys | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for key=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The snowman was headless after the dog knocked it over.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:headless:x4:1
# text = The snowman was headless after the dog knocked it over.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	snowman	snowman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	headless	headless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	knocked	knock	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	over	over	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the snowman |  |  |  |  | headless *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **knock over** | past | the dog | snowman |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ghost story was about a headless knight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:headless:x5:1
# text = The ghost story was about a headless knight.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	ghost	ghost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	headless	headless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the ghost story |  |  |  |  | about a headless knight | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And immediately the headless corpse arose and sat beside Raja Rasalu.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:headless:x6:1
# text = And immediately the headless corpse arose and sat beside Raja Rasalu.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	immediately	immediately	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	headless	headless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	corpse	corpse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
9	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Raja	Raja	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	Rasalu	Rasalu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arise** | past | the headless corpse |  |  |  |  | immediately *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **sit** | past | the headless corpse *not said here* |  |  | Raja |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent beside raja=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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