---
title: heartbreak — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «heartbreak» in the school dictionary: Heartbreak is very great sadness, especially when someone you love leaves you, dies, or when you lose something important. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# heartbreak

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Heartbreak, you, someone, event, Losing, team · **What happens:** be, love, leave, die, lose, cause · **To what, where:** great sadness, you, something, event, such sadness, old dog

<!-- .vabout -->
«heartbreak» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [heartbreak in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/heartbreak.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Heartbreak is very great sadness, especially when someone you love leaves you, dies, or when you lose something important.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heartbreak:m1:1
# text = Heartbreak is very great sadness, especially when someone you love leaves you, dies, or when you lose something important.
1	Heartbreak	heartbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sadness	sadness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
7	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
8	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	12	mark	_	_
9	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	12	nsubj	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	love	love	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	leaves	leave	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	dies	die	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	20	mark	_	_
19	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	lose	lose	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
21	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	20	obj	_	_
22	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Heartbreak | great sadness |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **love** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **leave** | present | someone | you |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |
| 4 | **die** | present |  |  |  |  |  | especially *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 5 | **lose** | present | you | something |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A heartbreak is an event that causes such sadness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heartbreak:m2:1
# text = A heartbreak is an event that causes such sadness.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	heartbreak	heartbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	sadness	sadness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a heartbreak | a event |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cause** | present | a event | such sadness |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition sadness=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Losing our old dog was a real heartbreak.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heartbreak:x1:1
# text = Losing our old dog was a real heartbreak.
1	Losing	lose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	csubj	_	_
2	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	heartbreak	heartbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | gerund |  | our old dog |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Eventuality |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Losing | a real heartbreak |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The team suffered heartbreak in the final minute.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heartbreak:x2:1
# text = The team suffered heartbreak in the final minute.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	suffered	suffer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	heartbreak	heartbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	final	final	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	minute	minute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **suffer** | past | the team | heartbreak |  |  | minute |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer heartbreak=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Moving away from her best friend caused great heartbreak.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heartbreak:x3:1
# text = Moving away from her best friend caused great heartbreak.
1	Moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
2	away	away	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	heartbreak	heartbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move away** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | from her best friend; away *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme from friend=Trajectory |
| 2 | **cause** | past | Moving | great heartbreak |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition heartbreak=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The song is about heartbreak and love.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heartbreak:x4:1
# text = The song is about heartbreak and love.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	about	about	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	heartbreak	heartbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the song | about heartbreak and love |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was heartbreak when the school play was cancelled.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heartbreak:x5:1
# text = There was heartbreak when the school play was cancelled.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	heartbreak	heartbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	play	play	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	cancelled	cancel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | heartbreak |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **cancel** | past · passive |  | the school play |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Time and friends help heal heartbreak.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heartbreak:x6:1
# text = Time and friends help heal heartbreak.
1	Time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	heal	heal	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
6	heartbreak	heartbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Time and friends |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **heal** | infinitive | Time and friends *not said here* | heartbreak |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heartbreak=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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