---
title: heartbroken — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «heartbroken» in the school dictionary: Extremely sad, usually because someone you love has died or left, or because of a great disappointment. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# heartbroken

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, someone, Lily, old dog, He, best friend · **What happens:** love, die, leave, be, move, heartbroken · **To what, where:** country, team, final, Grandpa, sandcastle, words

<!-- .vabout -->
«heartbroken» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [heartbroken in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/heartbroken.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Extremely sad, usually because someone you love has died or left, or because of a great disappointment.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heartbroken:m1:1
# text = Extremely sad, usually because someone you love has died or left, or because of a great disappointment.
1	Extremely	extremely	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
4	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	nsubj	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	love	love	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	died	die	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
15	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	19	case	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	fixed	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	disappointment	disappointment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **love** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **die** | present · perfect | someone |  |  |  |  | usually *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **leave** | participle | someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lily was heartbroken when her old dog died.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heartbroken:x1:1
# text = Lily was heartbroken when her old dog died.
1	Lily	Lily	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	heartbroken	heartbroken	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Lily |  |  |  |  | heartbroken *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **die** | past | Lily's old dog |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was heartbroken when his best friend moved to another country.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heartbroken:x2:1
# text = He was heartbroken when his best friend moved to another country.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	heartbroken	heartbroken	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
11	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | He |  |  |  |  | heartbroken *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **move** | past | his best friend |  |  | another country |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to country=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The team were heartbroken after losing the final.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heartbroken:x3:1
# text = The team were heartbroken after losing the final.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	heartbroken	heartbroken	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	final	final	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heartbroken** | past · passive |  | the team |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lose** | gerund |  | the final |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent final=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa was heartbroken after Grandma passed away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heartbroken:x4:1
# text = Grandpa was heartbroken after Grandma passed away.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	heartbroken	heartbroken	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	Grandma	Grandma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
7	away	away	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heartbroken** | past · passive |  | Grandpa |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass away** | past | Grandma |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was heartbroken to find her sandcastle washed away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heartbroken:x5:1
# text = She was heartbroken to find her sandcastle washed away.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	heartbroken	heartbroken	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	sandcastle	sandcastle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	washed	wash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	away	away	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | She |  |  |  |  | heartbroken *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | her sandcastle |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sandcastle=Topic |
| 3 | **wash away** | participle |  | her sandcastle *not said here* |  |  |  | away *property* | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The heartbroken boy cried all night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heartbroken:x6:1
# text = The heartbroken boy cried all night.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	heartbroken	heartbroken	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | the heartbroken boy |  |  |  | night |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The poor Marionette was heartbroken at reading these words.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heartbroken:x7:1
# text = The poor Marionette was heartbroken at reading these words.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Marionette	Marionette	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	heartbroken	heartbroken	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	at	at	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	reading	read	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
8	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the poor Marionette |  |  |  |  | heartbroken *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **read** | gerund | the poor Marionette *not said here* | this words |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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